The perceived behavior and barriers of community care professionals in encouraging functional activities of older adults: the development and validation of the MAINtAIN-C questionnaire

Vogel, Ruth G. M.; Bours, Gerrie J. J. W.; Metzelthin, Silke F.; Erkens, Petra M. G.; van Breukelen, Gerard J. P.; Zwakhalen, Sandra M. G.; van Rossum, Erik

doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05762-w

Table 2 MAINtAIN-C Behaviors

From: The perceived behavior and barriers of community care professionals in encouraging functional activities of older adults: the development and validation of the MAINtAIN-C questionnaire

Items
ADL-activities
1. I closely follow the extent to which clients are able to perform their own ADLs.
2. I encourage clients to perform their own ADLs as much as possible.
3. I closely follow the extent to which assistive devices are available and adequately used by clients.
4. I advise clients about the added value of consulting other disciplines (for example physical therapy) in order to encourage the independent performance of ADLs.
5. I discuss with new clients if a meal can be eaten independently.
6. I encourage clients to independently dress and undress.
7. I complement clients when they dress and undress themselves.
8. I closely follow the extent to which clients are to move about within their home.
9. I encourage clients to participate in activities outside their home.
10. I encourage clients to independently wash and dry themselves.
11. I encourage clients to use the toilet independently.
IADL-activities
12. I discuss with clients if they can prepare their meals independently.
13. I discuss with clients if they can do their shopping independently.
14. I discuss with clients if they can wash their clothes independently.
15. I discuss with clients if they can do ‘light housework’ independently, for example washing/drying dishes.
16. I discuss with clients if they can mop the bathroom independently after getting washed.
General activities
17. I discuss with clients which activities they used to do and they still can perform (ADLs, IADLs, and social activities).
18. I discuss with clients which activities (ADLs, IADLs, and social activities) they would really like to perform themselves.
19. I encourage the clients’ family and informal caregivers to promote self-reliance in clients.
20. If ‘encourage self-reliance and independence’ is included in the care plan, then I follow this.

The MAINtAIN-C was translated from Dutch to English in two steps. First, one bilingual independent translator working as a researcher and professional translator, who also translated the original MAINtAIN questionnaire, and one author (RGMV), both translated the MAINtAIN-C into English. Second, the differences between these two versions and the original MAINtAIN were discussed by two researchers (RGMV, GJJB) until consensus was reached on a final version [29].

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ISSN: 1472-6963

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