Table 4 Characteristics of study participants
Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Measure | Total cohort | SRW | non-SRW |
Participants | n | 472 | 185 | 278 |
Demographics | ||||
Age | n | 472 | 185 | 278 |
Mean (SD) Median (Range) | 53.6 (19.2) 55.0 (18–96) | 44.9 (17.2) 42.0 (18–96) | 59.7 (18.0) 62.5 (19–92) | |
Sex | n | 472 | 185 | 278 |
Male | % | 53.2 | 47.0 | 57.6 |
Female | % | 46.8 | 53.0 | 42.4 |
Migration and travel | n | 466 | 185 | 273 |
Migrant first generation | % | 21.9 | 35.1 | 12.8 |
Second generation | % | 6.9 | 8.1 | 5.9 |
Tourist | % | 4.3 | 8.6 | 1.5 |
Education (CASMIN) | n | 463 | 183 | 273 |
Low | % | 25.5 | 15.8 | 32.2 |
Intermediate | % | 43.6 | 39.9 | 45.1 |
High | % | 30.9 | 44.3 | 22.7 |
ED consultation | ||||
Means of arrival | n | 462 | 185 | 274 |
Walk-in | % | 63.0 | 100.0 | 37.6 |
EMS | % | 30.7 | 0.0 | 51.8 |
Ambulance transport | % | 6.3 | 0.0 | 10.6 |
Initiation of visit | n | 465 | 185 | 275 |
Self-referred | % | 62.8 | 100.0 | 37.1 |
Health professional | % | 37.2 | 0.0 | 62.9 |
Triage category | n | 456 | 180 | 267 |
Lower urgency | % | 41.9 | 53.9 | 33.7 |
Higher urgency | % | 58.1 | 46.1 | 66.3 |
Time of presentation | n | 472 | 185 | 278 |
Out-of-hours visit | % | 17.2 | 18.4 | 15.8 |
During office hours | % | 82.8 | 81.6 | 84.2 |
ED symptoms | ||||
Symptom novelty | n | 467 | 184 | 275 |
New symptoms | % | 36.4 | 39.7 | 34.9 |
Recurrent symptoms | % | 63.6 | 60.3 | 65.1 |
Symptom-associated distress | n | 442 | 177 | 259 |
Mean (SD) Median (Range) | 7.2 (1.8) 7.5 (1.5–10) | 7.0 (1.8) 7.0 (1.5–10) | 7.3 (1.8) 7.5 (2–10) | |
Chronic conditions and care | ||||
Chronic pulmonary condition | ||||
Self-reported | n | 465 | 183 | 275 |
yes: % | 48.6 | 31.7 | 60.0 | |
Hospital record | n | 472 | 185 | 278 |
yes: % | 43.2 | 34.1 | 48.9 | |
Combined | n | 467 | 184 | 276 |
yes: % | 58.7 | 44.0 | 68.1 | |
Multimorbidity | n | 465 | 183 | 275 |
yes: % | 53.5 | 39.9 | 63.3 | |
Attached to GP | n | 464 | 183 | 275 |
yes: % | 86.6 | 76.5 | 93.5 | |
ED visit in past 6 months | n | 453 | 179 | 268 |
yes: % | 34.2 | 28.5 | 37.7 | |
Mental health | ||||
PHQ4 anxiety subscale | n | 467 | 185 | 275 |
Mean (SD) Median (Range) | 1.7 (1.9) 1.0 (0–6) | 1.9 (1.9) 1.0 (0–6) | 1.6 (1.8) 1.0 (0–6) | |
PHQ4 depression subscale | n | 467 | 185 | 275 |
Mean (SD) Median (Range) | 2.2 (2.2) 2.0 (0–6) | 2.2 (2.2) 2.0 (0–6) | 2.2 (2.2) 2.0 (0–6) | |
General life satisfaction | n | 457 | 183 | 268 |
Mean (SD) Median (Range) | 6.9 (2.6) 8.0 (0–10) | 6.9 (2.5) 8.0 (0–10) | 7.0 (2.7) 8.0 (0–10) | |