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Table 1 Four types of scaling up

From: Planning the scale up of brief psychological interventions using theory of change

Types of scaling up

Definition

Vertical scaling up

Institutionalization through policy, political, legal, regulatory, budgetary or other health systems changes

Horizontal scaling up

Expansion (to serve larger or different population groups) or replication (in different geographic sites)

Diversification

Testing and adding a new innovation to one that is in the process of being scaled up

Spontaneous scaling up

Diffusion of the innovation without deliberate guidance

  1. Adapted from WHO/ExpandNet framework of scaling up (Simmons et al., 2007)