Table 1 Description of the sample
From: Eye care utilization pattern in South Africa: results from SANHANES-1
|  | Total (N = 3320) | Male (N = 1165, 35.1%) | Female (N = 2155, 64.9%) |  |
|---|---|---|---|---|
% (frequency) | % (frequency) | % (frequency) | p-value for linearity | |
Predisposing factors | ||||
 Age (mean, std. dev.) | 39.8(18.1) | 39.4(18.2) | 40(18) | 0.367 |
 Age group (years) | ||||
  15–29 | 37(1228) | 38.2(445) | 36.3(783) | 0.015 |
  30–44 | 23.6(783) | 20.8(242) | 25.1(541) |  |
  45–59 | 23.1(767) | 24.9(290) | 22.1(477) |  |
  60–74 | 13(430) | 13.5(157) | 12.7(273) |  |
  > =75 | 3.4(112) | 2.7(31) | 3.8(81) |  |
 Ethnicity | ||||
  African | 70.5(2341) | 68.8(802) | 71.4(1539) | 0.027 |
  White | 2.1(69) | 2.9(34) | 1.6(35) |  |
  Coloured’ (mixed race) | 22.6(751) | 22.7(264) | 22.6(487) |  |
  Indian | 4.8(159) | 5.6(65) | 4.4(94) |  |
 High risk alcohol use | 18.7(621) | 29.8(347) | 12.7(274) | < 0.001 |
 Current smoker | 19.8(657) | 32.8(382) | 12.8(275) | < 0.001 |
Enabling factors | ||||
 Wealth index | ||||
  Lowest (1) | 23.9(793) | 25.2(293) | 23.2(500) | 0.001 |
  2 | 22.8(757) | 21.4(249) | 23.6(508) |  |
  3 | 23.2(771) | 20.9(243) | 24.5(528) |  |
  4 | 18.2(604) | 17.9(208) | 18.4(396) |  |
  Wealthiest (5) | 11.9(395) | 14.8(172) | 10.3(223) |  |
 Residence | ||||
  Rural | 40.2(1336) | 41.2(480) | 39.7(856) | 0.407 |
  Urban | 59.8(1984) | 58.8(685) | 60.3(1299) |  |
 Has health insurance | 12.9(427) | 13.1(153) | 12.7(274) | 0.731 |
Need factors | ||||
 Hypertension | 35.9(1193) | 36.1(421) | 35.8(772) | 0.857 |
 Diabetes | 7.5(249) | 7(81) | 7.8(168) | 0.379 |
 High cholesterol | 4.5(149) | 4.4(51) | 4.5(98) | 0.821 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 7.4(245) | 6.4(75) | 7.9(170) | 0.127 |
 Accessed health care in past 5 years | 47.1(1563) | 43.7(509) | 48.9(1054) | 0.004 |
 Clinician assessed vision loss | 11.5(383) | 10.6(123) | 12.1(260) | 0.195 |
 Self-reported vision problems | 19.7(655) | 17.2(200) | 21.1(455) | 0.006 |