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Table 4 Reasons for referral by receiving facility type

From: Surgical referrals in Northern Tanzania: a prospective assessment of rates, preventability, reasons and patterns

Type of reason

Reason for referral

Receiving health facility levela

Health Centers

N = 2

n (%)

District Hospitals

N = 89

n (%)

Regional Hospitals

N = 116

n (%)

Zonal

N = 518

n (%)

Staff capacity

Need for specialist care

0 (0.0)

21 (23.6)

77 (66.4)

436 (84.2)

Lack of post-operative care

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

9 (7.8)

24 (4.6)

Need for imaging equipment training

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Member of surgical team not available

2 (100.0)

0 (0.0)

3 (2.6)

15 (2.9)

Need for laboratory diagnostic training

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

8 (1.5)

Equipment

Lack of imaging diagnostic equipment

0 (0.0)

21 (23.6)

30 (25.9)

228 (44.0)

Lack of laboratory diagnostic equipment

0 (0.0)

7 (7.9)

28 (24.1)

143 (27.6)

Non-functional imaging diagnostic equipment

0 (0.0)

25 (28.1)

2 (1.7)

3 (0.6)

Non-functional laboratory diagnostic equipment

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

8 (6.9)

4 (0.8)

Drugs and supplies

Lack of medical supplies and consumables

0 (0.0)

2 (2.2)

8 (6.9)

51 (9.8)

Lack of drugs

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

7 (6.0)

45 (8.7)

Lack of blood

0 (0.0)

13 (14.6)

19 (16.4)

8 (1.5)

Lack of oxygen/water/electricity

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (1.7)

4 (0.8)

Infrastructure

OR not functional

1 (50.0)

1 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Lack of inpatient beds

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

OR occupied

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Patient preference

Patient preference

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

1 (0.9)

6 (1.2)

Other

Other

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

  1. a Referrals total more than 100% because there could be more than one reason for referral per patient