Table 2 Healthcare utilization patterns and univariate analysis in the middle-aged and elderly in 2011, 2013 and 2015
Variables | Outpatient Service Utilization | Inpatient Service Utilization | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 N = 17,250 | 2013 N = 18,195 | 2015 N = 19,842 | 2011 N = 17,250 | 2013 N = 18,195 | 2015 N = 19,842 | |||||||
n (%) a | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | |
Medical Insurance Schemes | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
NRCMS | 2371 (19.6) | 2706 (21.4) | 2528 (19.4) | 1129 (9.2) | 1753 (13.6) | 1830 (13.9) | ||||||
UEBMI | 328 (16.0) | 476 (20.2) | 502 (18.3) | 277 (13.2) | 418 (17.3) | 485 (17.3) | ||||||
URBMI | 163 (17.5) | 236 (18.8) | 237 (17.7) | 101 (10.7) | 179 (14.0) | 220 (16.2) | ||||||
PMI | 100 (18.7) | 93 (17.1) | 36 (19.8) | 59 (10.9) | 59 (10.7) | 27 (14.7) | ||||||
NONE | 150 (13.4) | 114 (16.0) | 227 (14.1) | 59 (5.2) | 56 (7.7) | 195 (12.0) | ||||||
Economic Status | 0.011 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Quintile 1 (Poorest) | 473 (16.6) | 433 (18.2) | 440 (16.2) | 176 (6.1) | 230 (9.6) | 278 (10.1) | ||||||
Quintile 2 | 565 (19.8) | 482 (20.5) | 500 (18.8) | 233 (8.1) | 279 (11.7) | 283 (10.5) | ||||||
Quintile 3 | 528 (18.6) | 468 (20.1) | 483 (18.6) | 275 (9.6) | 314 (13.2) | 365 (13.8) | ||||||
Quintile 4 | 552 (19.7) | 470 (20.2) | 471 (18.3) | 318 (11.2) | 349 (14.8) | 421 (16.1) | ||||||
Quintile 5 | 534 (19.1) | 532 (23.2) | 512 (20.3) | 378 (13.2) | 407 (17.3) | 471 (18.2) | ||||||
Gender | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.706 | 0.736 | 0.025 | ||||||
Female | 1325 (16.2) | 1558 (18.1) | 1561 (16.5) | 803 (9.6) | 1214 (13.9) | 1315 (13.7) | ||||||
Male | 1792 (20.8) | 2095 (23.1) | 2054 (20.7) | 828 (9.5) | 1272 (13.7) | 1498 (14.9) | ||||||
Age | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
[45,55] | 1118 (16.7) | 1242 (19.1) | 1259 (17.4) | 459 (6.7) | 661 (10.0) | 724 (9.9) | ||||||
[55,65] | 1140 (19.1) | 1290 (20.2) | 1225 (18.6) | 593 (9.8) | 900 (13.8) | 937 (14.0) | ||||||
(65, +∞) | 859 (20.9) | 1121 (23.4) | 1131 (20.4) | 579 (13.9) | 925 (19.1) | 1152 (20.5) | ||||||
Marital Status | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.108 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Married or Cohabitated | 2667 (18.3) | 3102 (20.2) | 3081 (18.4) | 1398 (9.4) | 2093 (13.4) | 2305 (13.6) | ||||||
Divorced, Widowed, Never Married, Separated | 450 (20.6) | 551 (23.9) | 534 (20.4) | 233 (10.5) | 393 (16.7) | 508 (19.1) | ||||||
Education Status | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.043 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Below Primary School | 979 (21.0) | 1057 (22.5) | 999 (20.3) | 482 (10.2) | 693 (14.5) | 824 (16.5) | ||||||
Primary School | 1252 (19.1) | 1475 (21.1) | 1564 (18.4) | 654 (9.8) | 1058 (14.9) | 1208 (14.0) | ||||||
Secondary School | 560 (16.2) | 713 (19.3) | 658 (17.6) | 314 (8.9) | 433 (11.5) | 502 (13.2) | ||||||
High School and Above | 325 (15.4) | 408 (17.9) | 390 (17.9) | 180 (8.3) | 301 (12.9) | 275 (12.3) | ||||||
Registration Place | 0.000 | 0.025 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.010 | ||||||
Non-rural areas | 1138 (16.9) | 1395 (19.8) | 1368 (17.6) | 715 (10.4) | 1081 (15.0) | 1194 (15.1) | ||||||
Rural areas | 1979 (19.7) | 2258 (21.2) | 2247 (19.3) | 916 (9.0) | 1405 (13.0) | 1619 (13.8) | ||||||
Region | 0.085 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Eastern | 1032 (17.7) | 1154 (18.8) | 1178 (17.4) | 439 (7.4) | 693 (11.2) | 827 (12.0) | ||||||
Central | 1039 (18.8) | 1142 (19.8) | 1137 (18.0) | 535 (9.5) | 806 (13.7) | 891 (14.0) | ||||||
Western | 1046 (19.2) | 1357 (23.6) | 1300 (20.7) | 657 (11.9) | 986 (16.8) | 1095 (17.2) | ||||||
Household Size | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.758 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
1–2 | 1132 (18.6) | 1244 (20.0) | 1452 (18.7) | 660 (10.7) | 981 (15.5) | 1237 (15.7) | ||||||
3–4 | 977 (17.1) | 1244 (20.2) | 1695 (18.5) | 484 (8.3) | 766 (12.2) | 1276 (13.7) | ||||||
≥5 | 1008 (20.2) | 1165 (22.0) | 468 (19.2) | 487 (9.6) | 739 (13.8) | 300 (12.1) | ||||||
Chronic Diseasesb | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
No | 545 (10.0) | 901 (14.4) | 1015 (13.7) | 246 (4.5) | 532 (8.4) | 718 (9.6) | ||||||
Yes | 2571 (22.7) | 2736 (24.0) | 2597 (21.7) | 1384 (12.0) | 1947 (16.8) | 2093 (17.2) | ||||||
Self-reported Health | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Good | 277 (8.2) | 483 (11.1) | 450 (9.7) | 141 (4.2) | 305 (7.0) | 308 (6.6) | ||||||
Fair | 952 (16.8) | 1741 (19.7) | 1742 (17.8) | 478 (8.3) | 1052 (11.7) | 1187 (12.0) | ||||||
Poor | 938 (30.9) | 1264 (34.6) | 1212 (32.1) | 579 (18.6) | 975 (26.0) | 1106 (28.5) | ||||||
Depression | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Mild | 1779 (15.1) | 2388 (17.9) | 2271 (16.0) | 978 (8.2) | 1620 (12.0) | 1742 (12.1) | ||||||
Moderate | 1074 (25.9) | 1028 (27.9) | 1014 (24.3) | 510 (12.1) | 703 (18.7) | 808 (19.0) | ||||||
Severe | 263 (31.0) | 221 (37.0) | 327 (33.9) | 142 (16.4) | 156 (25.3) | 261 (26.5) | ||||||