Table 4 Determinants of catastrophic health expenditure, 2016/17
Catastrophic health expenditure (10% of household expenditure) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent Variables | Odds-ratio (OR) | SE. | z | P > z | [95% CI] | |
Poverty (poor = 1, non-poor = 0) | 0.4 | 0.0 | −8.2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
Residence (urban = 1, rural = 0) | 0.8 | 0.1 | −1.9 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
Region (R = central) | ||||||
Eastern | 0.8 | 0.1 | −1.5 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.1 |
Northern | 0.9 | 0.1 | −0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
Western | 0.8 | 0.1 | −1.6 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
Household size | 1.1 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Sex of household head (male = 1, female = 0) | 0.9 | 0.1 | −1.0 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.2 |
Employment (R = formal) | ||||||
Casual/Subsistence | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.3 |
Unemployed | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 1.6 |
Children below 5 (yes = 1, no = 0) | 1.3 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
Adults above 60 (yes = 1, no = 0) | 1.4 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
Education (R = no formal education) | ||||||
Primary level | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.4 |
Secondary level | 1.0 | 0.1 | −0.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.3 |
Tertiary | 0.7 | 0.2 | −1.7 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 |
Marital status (married = 1, not married = 0) | 1.3 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.7 |
_cons | 0.1 | 0.0 | −13.5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Log pseudo likelihood = −14,632,786 | ||||||
Number of obs = 15,349 | ||||||
Wald chi2(15) = 135.0 | ||||||
Prob > chi2 = 0.000 | ||||||
Pseudo R2 = 0.013 | ||||||