Table 2 Patient cohorts characteristics segmented by HbA1c range
All cohorts (N = 10,000) | Cohort 1 48 to ≤58 mmol/mol (N = 2500) | Cohort 2 58 to ≤64 mmol/mol (N = 2500) | Cohort 3 64 to ≤75 mmol/mol (N = 2500) | Cohort 4 > 75 mmol/mol (N = 2500) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age [years (SD)] | 68.1 (11.5) | 68.4 (11.6) | 69.1 (10.8) | 68.9 (10.9) | 65.8 (12.2) |
Sex (women) | 4811 (48.1%) | 1158 (46.3%) | 1250 (50.0%) | 1260 (50.4%) | 1143 (45.7%) |
Diabetes duration [years (SD)] | 7.33 (5.89) | 5.97 (5.26) | 6.56 (5.21) | 8.07 (6.20) | 8.73 (6.38) |
BMI [kg/m2 (SD)] | 30.5 (5.18) | 30.4 (5.12) | 30.4 (4.92) | 30.3 (5.35) | 30.8 (5.30) |
Obesity | 4510 (48.2%) | 1082 (46.9%) | 1141 (48.5%) | 1075 (45.4%) | 1212 (52.0%) |
Hypertension | 7102 (71.0%) | 1794 (71.8%) | 1794 (71.8%) | 1842 (73.7%) | 1672 (66.9%) |
Smoking habit | |||||
Never smoker | 6177 (63.4%) | 1535 (63.7%) | 1581 (64.8%) | 1594 (64.9%) | 1467 (60.1%) |
Current smoker | 1358 (13.9%) | 323 (13.4%) | 294 (12.1%) | 322 (13.1%) | 419 (17.2%) |
Ex-smoker | 2207 (22.7%) | 551 (22.9%) | 563 (23.1%) | 540 (22.0%) | 553 (22.7%) |
SBP [mmHg (SD)] | 137 (13.4) | 136 (13.3) | 136 (13.1) | 137 (12.8) | 139 (14.0) |
DBP [mmHg (SD)] | 76.3 (8.42) | 75.7 (8.43) | 76.0 (8.11) | 76.1 (8.29) | 77.4 (8.76) |
LDL Cholesterol [mg/ml (SD)] | 111 (32.8) | 112 (32.2) | 112 (32.4) | 110 (31.0) | 113 (35.5) |
Chronic complications | |||||
Microalbuminuria | 793 (14.1%) | 144 (11.1%) | 164 (11.7%) | 195 (13.3%) | 290 (20.0%) |
Macroalbuminuria | 131 (2.33%) | 24 (1.86%) | 25 (1.78%) | 24 (1.64%) | 58 (3.99%) |
Chronic renal failure [(eGFR< 60 ml/min (SD)] | 1593 (18.5%) | 414 (20.2%) | 401 (18.2%) | 424 (19.4%) | 354 (16.3%) |
Retinopathy | 751 (7.51%) | 119 (4.76%) | 129 (5.16%) | 203 (8.12%) | 300 (12.0%) |
Neuropathy | 924 (16.5%) | 168 (13.0%) | 189 (13.4%) | 219 (15.0%) | 348 (24.0%) |
Stroke | 764 (7.64%) | 196 (7.84%) | 179 (7.16%) | 199 (7.96%) | 190 (7.60%) |
Coronary Heart Disease | 1280 (12.8%) | 301 (12.0%) | 300 (12.0%) | 314 (12.6%) | 365 (14.6%) |
Heart Failure | 555 (5.55%) | 159 (6.36%) | 110 (4.40%) | 134 (5.36%) | 152 (6.08%) |
Peripheral arteriopathy | 477 (4.77%) | 109 (4.36%) | 95 (3.80%) | 125 (5.00%) | 148 (5.92%) |
Any macrovascular | 2497 (25.0%) | 619 (24.8%) | 565 (22.6%) | 630 (25.2%) | 683 (27.3%) |
Coexistence of complications: | |||||
No complications | 6408 (64.1%) | 1698 (67.9%) | 1723 (68.9%) | 1572 (62.9%) | 1415 (56.6%) |
only macrovascular | 867 (8.67%) | 250 (10.0%) | 196 (7.84%) | 220 (8.80%) | 201 (8.04%) |
only microvascular | 1095 (10.9%) | 183 (7.32%) | 212 (8.48%) | 298 (11.9%) | 402 (16.1%) |
both | 1630 (16.3%) | 369 (14.8%) | 369 (14.8%) | 410 (16.4%) | 482 (19.3%) |
Steps of antidiabetic treatment | |||||
Life-style only | 2286 (22.9%) | 1042 (41.7%) | 663 (26.5%) | 358 (14.3%) | 223 (8.92%) |
Non insulin Antidiabetics | 6015 (60.2%) | 1333 (53.3%) | 1630 (65.2%) | 1693 (67.7%) | 1359 (54.4%) |
Insulin | 1699 (17.0%) | 125 (5.00%) | 207 (8.28%) | 449 (18.0%) | 918 (36.7%) |