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Table 3 Distribution of Recommendations by Strengths

From: Our first review: an evaluation of effectiveness of root cause analysis recommendations in Hong Kong public hospitals

Strength

Action

No.

%a

Strong

Architectural / physical plant changes

1

0%

New devices with usability testing before purchasing

1

0%

Engineering control, interlock, forcing functions

2

0%

Simplify the process and remove unnecessary steps

3

0%

Standardize on equipment or process or care maps

10

1%

Tangible involvement and action by leadership

1

0%

Subtotal

18

2%

Medium

Redundancy/back-up systems

3

0%

Increase in staffing/decrease in workload

1

0%

Software enhancements/modifications

15

2%

Eliminate/reduce distractions

3

0%

Checklist/cognitive aid

8

1%

Eliminate look- and sound-alikes

1

0%

Enhanced communication

4

1%

Simulation training with refresher

6

1%

Review/enhancement of policy/guideline/documentation/workflow

39

5%

Review/re-evaluate use/appropriateness of equipment

5

1%

Audit undertaken

25

3%

Enhanced supervision

6

1%

Implement a new team (frontline)

0

0%

Subtotal

116

15%

Weak

Double checks

7

1%

Warnings and labels

20

3%

New procedure/memorandum/policy

29

4%

Training and education (include counselling)

466

61%

Additional study/analysis

104

14%

Subtotal

626

82%

Total (Strong + Medium + Weak)

760

100%

  1. a Discrepancies in display results due to round-off