Table 8 Effect of substitution of allied health professional therapy with AHA therapy on patient outcomes

 Boyle 2007 [46]

Individual

CELF-R (units)

−1.76 (− 6.43 to 2.91)

− 0.18 (− 0.66 to 0.30)

CELF- E (units)

− 1.35 (− 5.28 to 2.58)

− 0.17 (− 0.65 to 0.31)

Group

CELF-R (units)

−1.33 (− 6.19 to 3.53)

− 0.14 (− 0.63 to 0.35)

CELF-E (units)

0.47 (− 3.11 to 4.05)

0.07 (− 0.42 to 0.56)

 Cox 2014 [50]

AusTOMs impairment: UL (units)

0.45 (− 0.03 to 0.93)

0.44 (− 0.03 to 0.93)

AusTOMs impairment: Daily tasks (units)

0.22 (− 0.19 to 0.63)

0.25 (− 0.21 to 0.73)

AusTOMs impairment: Domestic life (units)

0.27 (−0.12 to 0.66)

0.32 (− 0.15 to 0.80)

 Lincoln 1999 [33]

Handgrip strength

(% max unaffected hand)

8 (−2.06 to 18.06)

0.24 (− 0.06 to 0.54)

 Cannel 2018 [49]

Functional reach (cm) (change score)

0.9 (−3.1 to 5.0)^a

N/A

Lateral reach (cm) (change score)

2.4 (−0.9 to 5.7)^a

N/A

Sitting balance (units) (change score)

0.2 (−0.17 to 0.6)^a

N/A

MMAS-upper arm (units) (change score)

−0.1 (− 0.17 to 0.6)^a

N/A

Box and block test (units) (change score)

−2.2 (− 7.8 to 3.0)^a

N/A

Step test (number) (change score)

−0.5 (−2.3 to 1.4)^a

N/A

TUGT (sec) (change score)

4.9 (− 5.3 to 15.4)^a

N/A

Walking speed (m/sec) (change score)

0.05 (−0.09 to 0.19)^a

N/A

 Cox 2014 [50]

AusTOMs activity limitation: UL (units)

0.35 (−0.09 to 0.79)

0.37 (− 0.10 to 0.85)

AusTOMs activity limitation: Daily tasks (units)

−0.18 (− 0.51 to 0.15)

−0.26 (− 0.74 to 0.21)

AusTOMs domestic life: Domestic life (units)

0 (−0.38 to 0.38)

0 (− 0.47 to 0.47)

FIM (units)

−1.76 (− 6.43 to 2.91)

− 0.18 (− 0.66 to 0.30)

 Lincoln 1999 [33]

Rivermead arm (units)

0.66 (− 1.16 to 2.48)^b

0.11 (− 0.19 to 0.41)^b

ARAT (units)

3.33 (− 5.88 to 12.54)^b

0.11 (− 0.19 to 0.41)^b

Barthel index (units)

0 (−2.07 to 2.07)^b

0 (− 0.30 to 0.30)^b

Rivermead gross motor (units)

0 (−1.49 to 1.49)^b

0 (− 0.30 to 0.30)^b

Ten hole peg test (units)

6.33 (−2.10 to 14.76)^b

0.23 (−0.07 to 0.53)^b

 Parry 1999 [34]

Rivermead arm (units)

0.66 (− 0.45 to 1.77)^b

0.33 (− 0.22 to 0.88)^b

ARAT (units)

7.66 (0.61 to 14.71)^b

0.57 (0.01 to 1.13)^b

Barthel Index (units)

3.00 (0.36 to 5.64)^b

0.63 (0.07 to 1.19)^b

 Lord 2008 [51]

Walking speed (m/min)

−2.6 (− 15.2 to 10.0)^a

N/A

6-min walk test (m)

− 1.1 (− 60.2 to 58)^a

N/A

ABCS (units)

−0.6 (− 14.8 to 13.5)^a

N/A

 Wenke 2014 [52]

CAT spoken language (units)

−3.72 (− 32.84 to 25.40)

−0.14 (− 1.13 to 0.86)

CAT disability (units)

− 16.87 (− 34.10 to 0.36)

−1.06 (− 2.12 to 0.01)

 Cox 2014 [50]

AusTOMs: Participation restriction (units)

0.15 (− 0.18 to 0.48)

0.21 (− 0.26 to 0.69)

Lord 2008 [51]

SIPSO (units)

0.3 (− 3.9 to 4.5)^a

N/A

 Cox 2014 [50]

AusTOMs: Distress / wellbeing (units)

0.03 (− 0.30 to 0.36)

0.04 (− 0.43 to 0.51)