Skip to main content

Table 1 Descriptive statistics by smoking status

From: Smoking is associated with a higher risk of unplanned medical visits among adult patients with diabetes, using retrospective electronic medical record data from 2014 to 2016

 

State

Never-Smoker N = 28,543

Former Smoker N = 24,550

Current Smoker N = 9056

p

Any unplanned visits

MN

48.1% (4834)

53.7% (5223)

58.2% (2118)

<.001

ND

55.7% (5586)

59.9% (4854)

59.8% (1770)

<.001

SD

51.8% (4388)

57.0% (3823)

59.6% (1463)

<.001

Total

51.9% (14808)

56.6% (13900)

59.1% (5351)

<.001

Number of unplanned visits

MN

2 (1–5)

3 (1–6)

3 (2–7)

<.001

ND

2 (1–5)

3 (1–6)

3 (2–7)

<.001

SD

2 (1–4)

3 (1–5)

3 (1–6)

<.001

Total

2 (1–5)

3 (1–6)

3 (2–7)

<.001

BMI

MN

32.1 (28.0–37.1)

32.5 (28.4–37.3)

31.6 (27.1–36.8)

<.001

ND

32.1 (28.1–37.2)

32.4 (28.3–37.3)

31.5 (27.2–36.6)

<.001

SD

32.0 (27.8–37.3)

32.3 (28.2–37.2)

31.2 (26.8–36.5)

<.001

Total

32.1 (28.0–37.2)

32.4 (28.3–37.3)

31.5 (27.1–36.7)

<.001

Non-Hispanic white

MN

91.0% (9017)

88.6% (8510)

69.8% (2507)

<.001

ND

90.4% (8925)

90.1% (7206)

81.3% (2375)

<.001

SD

92.0%(7753)

88.2% (5883)

74.2% (1810)

<.001

Total

91.1% (25695)

89.0 (21599)

74.8 (6692)

<.001

Male

MN

43.6% (4379)

62.8% (6109)

53.2% (1938)

<.001

ND

45.5% (4558)

62.7% (5085)

55.7% (1649)

<.001

SD

44.9% (3805)

60.4% (4049)

52.3% (1282)

<.001

Total

44.6% (12742)

62.1% (15243)

53.8% (4869)

<.001

Age

MN

67 (56–78)

70 (61–78)

57 (46–65)

<.001

ND

64 (53–76)

68 (59–77)

56 (46–64)

<.001

SD

64 (53–76)

68 (59–77)

56 (46–64)

<.001

Total

65 (54–77)

69 (60–77)

56 (46–65)

<.001

Alcohol Use

MN

34.8% (3382)

41.8% (3971)

39.7% (1396)

<.001

ND

38.4% (3735)

42.7% (3382)

45.5% (1311)

<.001

SD

37.5% (3139)

41.1% (2730)

43.8% (1060)

<.001

Total

36.8% (10,256)

41.9% (10,083)

42.7% (3767)

<.001

  1. Note: Categorical variables are presented as % (N) and numeric variables are presented as median (interquartile range). Significant differences by smoking status were tested with chi-square tests for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests for numeric variables. MN Minnesota. ND North Dakota. SD South Dakota. BMI body mass index