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Table 3 Healthcare Utilization by Type of Clinic Visited, Visits per Patient per Quarter, Pre- and Post-Intervention

From: Community-based outreach associated with increased health utilization among Navajo individuals living with diabetes: a matched cohort study

  

Intervention Patients

Control Patients

Clinic

 

N1

Mean

Standard Deviation

95% CI

N1

Mean

Standard Deviation

95% CI

Community Encounters

Pre-

107

0.2466

0.3572

(0.1789, 0.3142)

497

0.122

0.3035

(0.0953, 0.1486)

Post

86

0.7148

0.921

(0.5202, 0.9095)

413

0.3286

0.69

(0.2621, 0.3952)

Counseling/ Behavior

Pre-

133

0.2094

0.3824

(0.1445, 0.2744)

1548

0.1066

0.2535

(0.094, 0.1192)

Post

129

0.5126

0.7001

(0.3918, 0.6335)

1595

0.3494

0.5511

(0.3223, 0.3764)

Dental

Pre-

69

0.1006

0.1555

(0.0639, 0.1373)

1394

0.1388

0.2204

(0.1272, 0.1503)

Post

78

0.3286

0.4353

(0.232, 0.4252)

1417

0.4558

0.5582

(0.4268, 0.4849)

Emergency

Pre-

140

0.2957

0.5083

(0.2115, 0.3799)

2160

0.2246

0.375

(0.2088, 0.2404)

Post

128

0.5796

0.7362

(0.4521, 0.7072)

2135

0.5148

0.5741

(0.4905, 0.5392)

Inpatient

Pre-

98

0.3715

1.0585

(0.1619, 0.581)

1469

0.2569

0.4078

(0.2361, 0.2778)

Post

86

0.8735

1.1195

(0.6369, 1.1101)

1445

0.8056

1.0444

(0.7518, 0.8595)

Primary Care Outpatient

Pre-

159

0.5555

0.6957

(0.4473, 0.6636)

2541

0.4129

0.4029

(0.3972, 0.4285)

Post

159

1.3736

1.0466

(1.2109, 1.5362)

2590

1.2159

0.8605

(1.1827, 1.249)

Specialty Care Outpatient

Pre-

161

0.4733

0.6338

(0.3753, 0.5712)

2672

0.3883

0.5745

(0.3665, 0.4101)

Post

161

1.2309

1.362

(1.0205, 1.4413)

2635

0.9988

1.1018

(0.9567, 1.0409)

Total

Pre-

172

1.4983

1.2403

(1.313, 1.6837)

2851

1.092

0.8239

(1.0618, 1.1223)

Post

173

4.3982

3.2826

(3.9091, 4.8874)

2870

3.3985

2.3366

(3.313, 3.484)

  1. 1 Number of patients with at least one visit in the 24 months prior to enrollment and at least one visit in the 24 months following enrollment