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Table 2 The daily doses of dispensed potentially addictive drugs

From: Dispensations of benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics, and gabapentinoids to patients receiving opioid agonist therapy; a prospective cohort study in Norway from 2013 to 2017

a)

All indications

 

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Benzodiazepine and z-hypnotic dose per patient (in diazepam equivalents)

 

mean (lowest-highest)

Mean (mg/day)

21 (17–29)

20 (16–27)

19 (15–25)

17 (14–23)

17 (14–22)

Median (mg/day)

10 (9–12)

10 (9–12)

10 (8–12)

10 (8–12)

10 (8–11)

25 percentile (mg/day)

3 (2–3)

2 (2–3)

3 (2–3)

3 (2–3)

3 (2–3)

75 percentile (mg/day)

23 (20–29)

22 (19–27)

21 (18–26)

21 (18–26)

20 (18–25)

All indications

 

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Pregabalin dose per patient

Mean (mg/day)

365

365

371

381

386

Median (mg/day)

205

230

249

285

255

25 percentile (mg/day)

46

74

62

84

69

75 percentile (mg/day)

506

552

552

561

552

All indications

 

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Gabapentin dose per patient

Mean (mg/day)

911

970

997

960

1047

Median (mg/day)

411

488

493

493

513

25 percentile (mg/day)

82

124

82

82

164

75 percentile (mg/day)

1228

1314

1383

1286

1430

b)

All indications

 

2013

2017

   
  

Mean dose (95 % CI)

Mean dose (95% CI)

   
 

Diazepam equivalents per patient

   

Benzodiazepine and z-hypnotic dose per patient (in diazepam equivalents)

Mean (mg/day)

21 (20–23)a

17 (16–17)b

   

 Pregabalin dose per patient

Mean (mg/day)

365 (309–421)c

386 (349–423)d

   

Gabapentin dose per patient

Mean (mg/day)

911 (753–1068)e

1047 (885–1209)f

   
  1. Df Degrees of freedom, Lowest Lowest equipotency dose, Highest Highest equipotency dose, and Mean = Min + Max divided by 2
  2. aOne sample t-test, df = 3746, bone sample t-test, df = 3761, cone sample t-test, df = 486, done sample t-test, df = 590, eone sample t-test, df = 260, and fone sample t-test, df = 309
  3. The table a) displays the daily doses (mean, median, 25 percentile, and 75 percentile) of dispensed benzodiazepines or z-hypnotics (calculated in diazepam equivalents), pregabalin and gabapentin per year among patients on OAT in Norway in period 2013 to 2017
  4. The table b) displays the mean daily doses of dispensed benzodiazepines or z-hypnotics (calculated in diazepam equivalents), pregabalin and gabapentin in 2013 and 2017. The 95% confidence intervals were calculated by one-sample t-test analyses
  5. For table a) and b), an equipotency table for benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics were used to make sensitivity analyses displaying the lowest equipotency dose and the highest equipotency dose of the included benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics. The results were presented in parentheses. All dispensed benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics were summarized per year