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Table 1 Characteristics of the sociodemographic variables of the sampled population

From: Rural and urban differences in health system performance among older Chinese adults: cross-sectional analysis of a national sample

Characteristics

All (n = 13,271)

Urban (n = 6529)

Rural (n = 6742)

P value∫

Age, mean (SD)

62.5 (9.0)

63.5 (9.3)

61.7 (8.6)

< 0.01

Age group in years, n (%)

   

< 0.01

50–59

5766 (45.1)

2593 (40.5)

3137 (49.3)

 

60–69

3941 (31.8)

1894 (31.5)

2047 (31.9)

 

70–79

2784 (18.6)

1628 (23.1)

1156 (14.4)

 

80 and above

780 (4.6)

414 (4.9)

366 (4.4)

 

Gender, (%)

   

< 0.01

Male

6241 (49.9)

2913 (46.4)

3328 (53.0)

 

Female

7030 (50.1)

3616 (53.6)

3414 (47.0)

 

Marital status, n (%)

   

0.38

Married/cohabiting

11,022 (85.1)

5408 (84.5)

5614 (85.7)

 

Single/separated/widowed

2249 (14.9)

1121 (15.5)

1128 (14.3)

 

Education, n (%)

   

< 0.01

Primary school or less

8402 (63.3)

2753 (44.9)

5649 (80.0)

 

Secondary school

2595 (19.7)

1760 (45.7)

835 (19.9)

 

Tertiary or higher

2274 (17.0)

2016 (9.3)

258 (0.1)

 

Income quantile, n (%)

   

< 0.01

Q1 (lowest)

2649 (16.3)

826 (8.8)

1823 (23.1)

 

Q2

2641 (18.2)

886 (11.1)

1755 (24.7)

 

Q3

2684 (20.6)

1371 (19.1)

1313 (21.9)

 

Q4

2719 (23.3)

1540 (25.1)

1179 (21.7)

 

Q5 (highest)

2578 (21.7)

1906 (36.0)

672 (8.6)

 

Health insurance coverage, n (%)

11,614 (89.6)

5164 (82.0)

6450 (96.6)

< 0.01

Province, n (%)

   

< 0.01

Guangdong

1566 (16.1)

780 (24.5)

786 (8.4)

 

Hubei

1568 (14.3)

797 (9.3)

771 (18.9)

 

Jilin

1686 (6.5)

830 (6.3)

856 (6.7)

 

Shanxi

1762 (9.0)

864 (7.0)

898 (10.9)

 

Shandong

1902 (25.2)

953 (21.9)

949 (28.2)

 

Shanghai

1774 (5.6)

820 (4.3)

954 (6.8)

 

Yunnan

1550 (9.8)

699 (11.9)

851 (8.0)

 

Zhejiang

1463 (13.4)

786 (14.9)

677 (12.1)

 
  1. ∫:P-value was calculated using Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables