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Table 3 Relationship between the working environment and patient safety culture scores in all respondentsa

From: Relationship of patient safety culture with factors influencing working environment such as working hours, the number of night shifts, and the number of days off among healthcare workers in Japan: a cross-sectional study

Response variables

 

Explanatory variables

AICC

Working hours in a week

Number of night shifts in a month

Number of days off in a month

< 40

40–60

≥60

0

1–4

≥5

≥10

7–9

< 7

(n)

(1154)

(2145)

(365)

(764)

(1628)

(1347)

(1049)

(2137)

(487)

Teamwork within units

Coefficient

0.00

−0.04b

− 0.08c

0.00

−0.03c

−0.06c

0.00

−0.04c

−0.10c

1738

Supervisor or manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety

0.00

−0.02c

−0.01

0.00

0.00

−0.03

0.00

−0.03b

−0.06b

1345

Organizational learning-continuous improvement

0.00

− 0.03c

0.00

0.00

−0.04c

−0.08c

0.00

−0.03c

−0.02

2286

Management support for patient safety

0.00

−0.03c

−0.11c

0.00

−0.01

−0.06

0.00

−0.05b

−0.08b

2640

Overall perceptions of patient safety

0.00

−0.04b

−0.09b

0.00

−0.04c

−0.07c

0.00

−0.01

−0.03

2268

Feedback and communication about error

0.00

−0.01

− 0.05c

0.00

−0.04c

−0.05b

0.00

− 0.04b

−0.07b

2599

Communication openness

0.00

−0.02

− 0.03

0.00

− 0.04c

−0.07b

0.00

− 0.03c

−0.07b

2764

Frequency of events reported

0.00

0.02

0.02

0.00

−0.02

− 0.02

0.00

−0.01

−0.02

2903

Teamwork across units

0.00

−0.05b

−0.05c

0.00

−0.01

−0.03

0.00

−0.04c

−0.06c

2404

Staffing

0.00

−0.05b

−0.12 b

0.00

0.02

−0.04 b

0.00

−0.02

−0.09b

908

Handoffs and transitions

0.00

− 0.02

− 0.08b

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.00

−0.03

−0.05c

2282

Nonpunitive response to errors

0.00

−0.04c

− 0.08b

0.00

−0.01

−0.08b

0.00

−0.01

−0.08b

2967

Respondents who rated patient safety grade as “very good” or “good” (vs. others)

aOR

1.00

0.73b

0.56b

1.00

0.88

0.76c

1.00

1.02

1.05

14,247

Respondents who reported one or more events (vs. none)

1.00

1.33c

1.29

1.00

1.72b

2.66b

1.00

0.96

0.90

17,215

  1. AICC Akaike’s Information Criterion Correction, aOR: adjusted Odds Ratio, (n): Number of respondents
  2. aResults of the generalized linear mixed model using working hours, the number of night shifts, and the number of days off as explanatory variables
  3. bP < 0.01
  4. cP < 0.05