Table 2 SOAS-RE aggressive incidents by type of aggression (verbal, threats, physical) and total
Type of aggression | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Verbal aggression | Threats | Physical aggression | Total | ||||||
(n = 100) | (n = 78) | (n = 138) | (n = 316) | ||||||
SOAS-RE columns1 | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | p-value2 | n | (%) |
Provocation of aggressive behavior | |||||||||
No understandable provocation | 24 | (24.0) | 22 | (28.2) | 41 | (29.7) | 0.615 | 87 | (27.5) |
Person had to wait | 39 | (39.0) | 21 | (26.9) | 13 | (9.4) | < 0.001 | 73 | (23.1) |
The person was denied something | 25 | (25.0) | 24 | (30.8) | 21 | (15.2) | 0.022 | 70 | (22.2) |
The person disagreed about assessment/advice | 31 | (31.0) | 25 | (32.1) | 27 | (19.7) | 0.063 | 83 | (26.3) |
Involuntary assessment of health condition | (3.0) | 3 | (3.8) | 17 | (12.3) | 0.010 | 23 | (7.3) | |
Other | 10 | (10.0) | 9 | (11.5) | 41 | (29.7) | < 0.001 | 60 | (19.0) |
Target of aggression | |||||||||
None | 2 | (2.0) | 0 | 2 | (1.4) | 4 | (1.3) | ||
Furniture/object | 1 | (1.0) | 4 | (5.1) | 26 | (18.8) | < 0.001 | 31 | (9.8) |
Physician | 17 | (17.0) | 23 | (29.5) | 33 | (23.9) | 0.140 | 73 | (23.1) |
Nurse | 84 | (84.0) | 62 | (79.5) | 104 | (75.4) | 0.269 | 250 | (79.1) |
Ambulance personnel | 3 | (3.0) | 4 | (5.1) | 9 | (6.5) | 0.473 | 16 | (5.1) |
Security guard/police | 5 | (5.0) | 4 | (5.2) | 25 | (18.1) | 0.001 | 34 | (10.8) |
Other patients/persons | 12 | (12.0) | 11 | (14.1) | 13 | (9.4) | 0.567 | 36 | (11.4) |
Consequence(s) for victim(s) | |||||||||
None | 36 | (36.0) | 29 | (37.2) | 42 | (30.4) | 0.519 | 107 | (33.9) |
Object(s) damaged | 0 | 1 | (1.3) | 13 | (9.4) | 14 | (4.4) | ||
Psychological stress | 43 | (43.0) | 34 | (43.6) | 67 | (48.6) | 0.643 | 144 | (45.6) |
Felt threatened | 28 | (28.0) | 30 | (38.5) | 72 | (52.2) | 0.001 | 130 | (41.1) |
Pain < 10 min | 0 | 1 | (1.3) | 10 | (7.2) | 11 | (3.5) | ||
Pain > 10 min | 0 | 0 | 4 | (2.9) | 4 | (1.3) | |||
Visible injury | 0 | 0 | 4 | (2.9) | 4 | (1.3) | |||
Need for treatment by a physician | 0 | 1 | (1.3) | 2 | (1.4) | 3 | (0.9) | ||
Need to be taken off duty | 3 | (3.0) | 3 | (3.8) | 9 | (6.5) | 15 | (4.7) | |
Other | 3 | (3.0) | 0 | 8 | (5.8) | 11 | (3.5) | ||
Measure(s) to stop aggression | |||||||||
None | 5 | (5.0) | 1 | (1.3) | 4 | (2.9) | 0.3833 | 10 | (3.2) |
Talked to the person | 67 | (67.0) | 49 | (62.8) | 63 | (45.7) | 0.002 | 179 | (56.6) |
Took the person aside | 5 | (5.0) | 5 | (6.4) | 16 | (11.6) | 0.150 | 26 | (8.2) |
Withdrew for situation/ended call | 30 | (30.0) | 25 | (32.1) | 48 | (34.8) | 0.734 | 103 | (32.6) |
Complied with persons wish | 1 | (1.0) | 5 | (6.4) | 1 | (0.7) | 0.0193 | 7 | (2.2) |
Asked the person to leave the site | 6 | (6.0) | 14 | (17.9) | 22 | (15.9) | 0.031 | 42 | (13.3) |
Forced the person to leave/held by force | 8 | (8.0) | 6 | (7.7) | 45 | (32.6) | < 0.001 | 59 | (18.7) |
Other | 17 | (17.0) | 14 | (17.9) | 41 | (29.7) | 0.035 | 72 | (22.8) |
Persons involved in measure(s) to stop aggression | |||||||||
Physician | 13 | (13.0) | 26 | (33.3) | 33 | (23.9) | 0.005 | 72 | (22.8) |
Nurse | 78 | (78.0) | 50 | (64.1) | 91 | (65.9) | 0.071 | 219 | (69.3) |
Ambulance personnel | 7 | (7.0) | 8 | (10.3) | 12 | (8.7) | 0.740 | 27 | (8.5) |
Security guard/police | 25 | (25.0) | 28 | (35.9) | 93 | (67.4) | < 0.001 | 146 | (46.2) |
Other patients | 0 | 0 | 1 | (0.7) | 1 | (0.3) | |||
Next of kin | 0 | 4 | (5.1) | 10 | (7.2) | 14 | (4.4) | ||
Other | 6 | (6.0) | 8 | (10.3) | 7 | (5.1) | 0.324 | 21 | (6.6) |