Skip to main content

Table 1 Healthcare access dimensions identified in the literature grouped by Levesque et al.’s [22] access to healthcare framework and emergent themes

From: Access to specialty healthcare in urban versus rural US populations: a systematic literature review

Dimensions

% of total studies, (n)

% of urban, (n)

% of rural, (n)

% of both, (n)

References

System-centric

 Approachability

4.5 (3)

3.9 (1)

4.6 (1)

5.3 (1)

29–31

 Acceptability

1.5 (1)

–

4.6 (1)

–

32

 Avail. & accommodation

47.8 (32)

15.4 (4)

68.2 (15)

68.4 (13)

32,33,42–51,34,52–61,35,62,63,36–41

 Affordability

11.9 (8)

7.7 (2)

27.3 (6)

–

30,32,43,64–68

 Appropriateness

16.4 (11)

7.7 (2)

27.3 (6)

15.8 (3)

31,40,72,43,49,65–67,69–71

Patient-centric

 Ability to perceive

14.9 (10)

26.9 (7)

13.6 (3)

–

29,34,68,71,73–78

 Ability to seek

1.5 (1)

3.9 (1)

–

–

44

 Ability to reach

10.5 (7)

11.5 (3)

13.6 (3)

5.3 (1)

29,31,34,73,79–81

 Ability to pay

9.0 (6)

15.4 (4)

9.1 (2)

–

29,68,71,78,80,82

 Ability to engage

9.0 (6)

15.4 (4)

4.6 (1)

5.3 (1)

68,71,78,83–85

New

 Government/insurance

13.4 (9)

7.7 (2)

27.3 (6)

5.3 (1)

37,38,67,68,72,86–89

 Health organization

9.0 (6)

15.4 (4)

–

10.5 (2)

33,72,90–93

 Stigma

7.5 (5)

11.5 (3)

9.1 (2)

–

34,67,68,76,93

 Primary care & specialist

10.5 (7)

11.5 (3)

4.6 (1)

15.8 (3)

40,67,69,72,76,94,95

  1. Calculations are based on 67 total studies (26 urban, 22 rural, 19 of both) each reporting on at least one or more dimension. Avail, availability