Categories | Frequency | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Getting ready | ||
 Make sure equipment is ready for use | 347 | 80.9 |
 Wash hands and wear gloves | 343 | 80.0 |
 Quickly dry and wrap or cover the newborn | 314 | 73.2 |
 Place newborn on the back on the clean, warm surface | 288 | 67.1 |
 Tell women what is going to be done, listen to her, and respond to her questions and concerns | 282 | 65.7 |
 Provide emotional support and reassurance | 282 | 65.7 |
Resuscitating using a bag and mask | ||
 Position head in the slightly extended position | 404 | 94.2 |
 Suction first the mouth and then the nose | 392 | 91.4 |
 Introduce catheter into mouth and suction | 372 | 86.7 |
 Introduce catheter into each nostril and suction | 376 | 87.6 |
 Suction well if blood or meconium is on the newborn’s mouth and/or nose | 383 | 89.3 |
 If the baby is still not breathing, start ventilating | 390 | 90.9 |
 Recheck position of newborn’s head | 373 | 86.9 |
 Place the correct-sized mask on the newborn’s face | 367 | 85.5 |
 Form a seal between the mask and the newborn’s face | 350 | 81.6 |
 Squeeze bag | 338 | 78.8 |
 Check the seal by ventilating and observing chest rise | 353 | 82.3 |
If the newborn’s chest is rising: | ||
 Ventilate at 40 breaths/minute | 344 | 80.2 |
 Observe chest for easy rise and fall | 348 | 81.1 |
If the newborn’s chest is not rising: | ||
 Check the position of the head again | 367 | 85.5 |
 Reposition mask to improve the seal | 376 | 87.6 |
 Squeeze the bag harder; repeat suction | 361 | 84.1 |
 Ventilate for 1 min and then assess if the newborn is breathing | 363 | 84.6 |
If breathing is normal (no indrawing or grunting): | ||
 Place in skin-to-skin contact with mother | 386 | 90.0 |
 Observe breathing at frequent intervals | 386 | 90.0 |
 Encourage the mother to begin breastfeeding | 378 | 88.1 |
If the newborn is breathing with severe indrawing: | ||
 Ventilate with oxygen, if available | 386 | 90.0 |
 Arrange immediate transfer for special care | 354 | 82.5 |
 If there is no gasping or breathing at all after 20 min of ventilation, stop ventilating | 352 | 82.1 |
Post-procedure tasks | ||
 Place disposable suction catheters and mucus extractors in a leak-proof container | 354 | 82.5 |
For reusable catheters and mucus extractors | ||
 Place in a chlorine solution for 10 min | 354 | 82.5 |
 Wash in water and detergent | 354 | 82.5 |
 Use a syringe to flush catheters/tubing | 351 | 81.8 |
 Boil or disinfect in a chemical solution | 334 | 77.9 |
 Take apart valve/mask and inspect for cracks/tears | 333 | 77.6 |
 Wash valve/mask and check for damage | 339 | 79.0 |
 Select sterilization or high-level disinfection method | 346 | 80.7 |
 Wash hands and dry with a clean cloth or air entry | 350 | 81.6 |
 After chemical disinfection, rinse all parts with clean water and allow to air dry | 355 | 82.8 |