Skip to main content

Table 3 Bivariate Analyses of health care utilization

From: Factors associated with using alternative sources of primary care: a cross-sectional study

Covariates

N = 224

Utilization

Used

n (col. %)

Not used

n (col. %)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Type of Respondent

 Adult

77 (67.0)

40 (37.7)

3.50 (2.02–6.06)

<  0.01

 Child Dependent

38 (33.0)

69 (63.3)

Gender

 Male

33 (29.2)

44 (41.1)

0.59 (0.34–1.03)

0.06

 Female

80 (70.8)

63 (58.9)

Presence of a Chronic Condition

 Any Chronic Condition

79 (78.2)

79 (79.8)

0.91 (0.46–1.80)

0.78

 No Chronic Condition

22 (21.8)

20 (20.2)

Insurance Status

 Medicaid

38 (37.3)

60 (58.8)

0.51 (0.28–0.94)

<  0.01

 Medicare

15 (14.7)

6 (5.9)

2.02 (0.71–5.78)

 Uninsured

7 (6.9)

2 (2.0)

2.83 (0.55–14.54)

 Private

42 (41.2)

34 (33.3)

Reference

Length of Time Visiting a Specific Place for care*

 No Regular Doctor/Nurse

5 (4.7)

2 (1.9)

0.94 (0.14–6.20)

<  0.01

 0–3 years

51 (47.6)

35 (33.3)

0.55 (0.20–1.53)

 4–7 Years

35 (32.7)

62 (59.1)

0.21 (0.08–0.59)

 >  8 Years

16 (15.0)

6 (5.7)

Reference

Length of Time Visiting a Specific Person for care*

 No Regular Doctor/Nurse

13 (12.04)

7 (6.7)

0.62 (0.16–2.43)

<  0.01

 0–3 years

49 (45.4)

34 (32.4)

0.48 (0.16–1.45)

 4–7 Years

31 (28.7)

59 (56.2)

0.18 (0.06–0.53)

 >  8 Years

15 (13.9)

5 (4.8)

Reference

Measures of access

Used Clinic Median (SD)

Not used Median (SD)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Travel Distance (miles)

1.31 (1.19)

1.21 (1.36)

0.91 (0.74–1.11)

0.35

BCQ Total Score (0–100)

73.4 (23.1)

55.4 (19.3)

1.02 (1.01–1.04)

<  0.01

Satisfaction-adjusted distance

1.22 (2.56)

2.49 (2.36)

0.81 (0.73–0.91)

<  0.01

  1. * BCQ scored on scale 0–100, higher scores indicate greater perceived quality
  2. ** Total Score is calculated as an average across all subscales