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Table 2 Frequency table on health-related characteristics of study participants and results of χ2 test

From: The importance of herbal medicine use in the German health-care system: prevalence, usage pattern, and influencing factors

 

Total sample,

n = 2906

(%)

HM user in previous year (1),

n = 2192

(%)

HM user not in previous year (2)

n = 328

(%)

HM non-users

(3),

n = 386

(%)

χ2 (df),

p value

Self-perceived health status

 Very good, good

62.8

63.0

63.4

61.4

χ2(2) = .41,

p = .813

 Fair, poor, very poor

37.2

37.0

36.6

38.6

Chronic disease

 Yes

53.6

56.6

48.2

41.5

χ2(2) = 35.57,

p = .000

 No

46.4

43.4

51.8

58.5

Smoking Status

 Current

30.1

28.8

33.2

35.0

χ2(2) = 7.55,

p = .023

 Former, Never

69.9

71.2

66.8

65.0

Regular Alcohol Consumption

 Yes

64.0

64.5

63.4

61.7

χ2(2) = 1.21,

p = .545

 No

36.0

35.5

36.6

38.3

Physical Activities (d./week)

 0–2

57.0

54.6

62.2

65.8

χ2(2) = 20.93,

p = .000

 3–7

43.0

45.4

38.8

34.2

Flu vaccination

 Yes

22.2

22.6

22.6

19.7

χ2(2) = 1.62,

p = .445

 No

77.8

77.4

77.4

80.3

Annual dentist check-ups

 Yes

74.8

78.0

67.1

63.5

χ2(2) = 48.33,

p = .000

 No

25.2

22.0

32.9

36.5

Preventive medical check-ups

 Yes

53.7

56.6

47.9

42.0

χ2(2) = 33.35,

p = .000

 No

46.3

43.4

52.1

58.0

Current tetanus vaccination

 Yes

74.6

76.1

72.9

67.1

χ2(2) = 14.72,

p = .001

 No

25.4

23.9

27.1

32.9