A register-based observational cohort study on persistent frequent users of emergency services in a Finnish emergency clinic

Table 1 Characteristics and differences between groups (Mann-Whitney (U)) of persistent frequent ER service users in Hyvinkää hospital during 2016–2017 (n = 138)

	n	%	Mean total visits	p	Effect size^a
Age, years
18–25	15	10.9%	32
> 25	123	89.1%	17	0.015	0.2
Gender
Male	49	35.5%	19
Female	89	64.5%	19	0.439	0.1
Employment
Working	35	25.4%	18
Not working^b	84	60.9%	19	0.098
Any psychiatric diagnosis^a
Yes	50	41.3%	25
No	88	58.7%	15	0.002	0.3
ER visit for psychosocial reasons^b
Yes	40	29.0%	20
No	98	71.0%	18	0.163	< 0.1
Ongoing use of services
Psychiatric services
Yes	48	34.8%	24
No	90	65.2%	16	0.035	0.2
SUD treatment services
Yes	10	7.2%	27
No	128	92.8%	18	0.073	< 0.1
Other health services
Yes	47	34.1%	23
No	91	65.9%	17	0.007	0.2
Social services
Yes	18	13.0%	20
No	120	87.0%	19	0.389	< 0.1

^aEffect sizes (r) were interpreted according to Cohen > 0.1 small, > 0.3medium and > 0.5 large effect size ^bOn sick-leave or disability pension, or unknown

ISSN: 1472-6963