Skip to main content

Table 3 Informal patient payment factors related to external context of health system

From: New insight into the informal patients’ payments on the evidence of literature: a systematic review study

Theme

Category

Code

Demographic features of health service consumers

• Individual features

• Household features

Age- sex- marital status- occupation- education- income level- residency- religious- race- health status- health insurance coverage- number of family members- socio economic situation of the family-

Patient’s personality features

• patient perception & attitude

• Patient beliefs

• Patient feelings

• Patient willingness

• patient relationships

Informal payment necessity- value of health issues in return for any payment- satisfaction- fear- value and respect for the doctor- more welfare- choosing the right doctor- Supporting the doctor- patient physician relationship- patient- staff relationships- relationship with other patient and their suggestion-

Social & cultural backgrounds of the community

• Low Community participation (Civil Society)

• Low Public/ patient awareness

• Value culture (normative)

Corruption culture

• Lost trust

Lack of media participation & social campaign- lack of public participation- lack of social planner’s participation-

low knowledge & public awareness- low patient awareness about health care services - low awareness of patient rights-

gratitude & tradition- compulsory social behavior- social attitudes and beliefs-culture of corruption in country - corruption in health system- governance corruption-

lack of trust in political system and official strategies-lack of trust in government- lack of trust in insurance-