Effect reported (n = 285) % (n) | No effect reported (n = 318) % (n) | All (n = 603) % (n) | |
---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic and -economic variables | |||
Mean age*, years (SD) | 64.4 (9.4) | 66.5 (10.4) | 65.5 (10.0) |
Female gender | 48.1 (137) | 49.1 (156) | 48.6 (293) |
Household’s monthly income | |||
Less than EUR 1000 | 11.6 (33) | 11.0 (35) | 11.3 (68) |
EUR 1000–1999 | 40.0 (114) | 34.6 (110) | 37.1 (224) |
EUR 2000–2999 | 27.7 (79) | 29.6 (94) | 28.7 (173) |
EUR 3000–3999 | 10.9 (31) | 11.6 (37) | 11.3 (68) |
EUR 4000 or more | 9.8 (28) | 13.2 (42) | 11.6 (70) |
Education | |||
Basic education or some other | 40.7 (116) | 38.7 (123) | 39.6 (239) |
Vocational upper secondary education and training | 21.4 (61) | 19.8 (63) | 20.6 (124) |
Post-secondary non-higher vocational education | 19.6 (56) | 25.5 (81) | 22.7 (137) |
Matriculation examination | 5.6 (16) | 5.7 (18) | 5.6 (34) |
University or polytechnic degree | 12.6 (36) | 10.4 (33) | 11.4 (69) |
Work/life situation | |||
Working | 14.0 (40) | 18.6 (59) | 16.4 (99) |
Not working or outside working life | 86.0 (245) | 81.4 (259) | 83.6 (504) |
Financial difficulties in purchasing antidiabetic medicines* | 28.8 (82) | 7.9 (25) | 17.7 (107) |
Annual maximum limit on out-of-pocket costs exceeded | |||
Yes | 10.5 (30) | 13.8 (44) | 12.3 (74) |
Will be exceeded | 6.0 (17) | 6.3 (20) | 6.1 (37) |
Will not likely be exceeded or does not know | 83.5 (238) | 79.9 (254) | 81.6 (492) |
Diabetes-related variables | |||
How long has had diabetes* | |||
More than 20 years | 11.6 (33) | 8.5 (27) | 10.0 (60) |
11–20 years | 27.4 (78) | 26.4 (84) | 26.9 (162) |
6–10 years | 37.5 (107) | 28.3 (90) | 32.7 (197) |
2–5 years | 21.4 (61) | 26.4 (84) | 24.0 (145) |
1 year or less | 2.1 (6) | 10.4 (33) | 6.5 (39) |
Mean number of diabetes complications (SD) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.8 (1.1) |
Use of insulin | 33.3 (95) | 28.6 (91) | 30.8 (186) |
Use of other antidiabetic medicines than insulin | 98.6 (281) | 96.5 (307) | 97.5 (588) |
Metformin | 74.7 (213) | 76.7 (244) | 75.8 (457) |
Sulfonylureas | 4.6 (13) | 2.8 (9) | 3.6 (22) |
Combination of oral blood glucose lowering medicines* | 16.1 (46) | 9.1 (29) | 12.4 (75) |
Glitazones* | 4.2 (12) | 1.3 (4) | 2.7 (16) |
DPP-4-inhibitors* | 44.9 (128) | 29.6 (94) | 36.8 (222) |
Glinides | 1.1 (3) | 0.9 (3) | 1.0 (6) |
GLP-1-analogues* | 13.0 (37) | 6.3 (20) | 9.5 (57) |
SGLT2-inhibitors* | 21.4 (61) | 7.5 (24) | 14.1 (85) |
Use of hypertension medication | 81.4 (232) | 78.0 (248) | 79.6 (480) |
Use of cholesterol medication | 70.2 (200) | 65.4 (208) | 67.7 (408) |