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Table 10 Association of HVBP with 30-day risk adjusted mortality rate for AMI, HF and pneumonia including 30-day readmission rate as covariate

From: Association between degree of exposure to the Hospital Value Based Purchasing Program and 30-day mortality: experience from the first four years of Medicare’s pay-for-performance program

 

AMI

HF

Pneumonia

30-day readmission rate

0.006 (0.02)

0.011 (0.01)

− 0.078 (0.10)

High Medicare share hospitals

−0.058 (0.10)

− 0.117 (0.08)

− 0.218* (0.10)

Post-HVBP

− 2.039* (0.12)

0.488* (0.09)

−0.010 (0.11)

High Medicare share hospitals x Post-HVBP

0.031 (0.08)

0.040 (0.06)

0.115 (0.08)

Teaching hospital

−0.144 (0.12)

−0.088 (0.11)

− 0.003 (0.13)

Government non-federal (ref: not-for-profit)

0.357* (0.10)

0.097 (0.08)

0.510* (0.12)

For-profit (ref: not-for-profit)

0.247* (0.09)

−0.206* (0.08)

0.103 (0.10)

Bed size: 100–199 (ref: < 100)

0.303* (0.12)

−0.033 (0.08)

−0.134 (0.11)

Bed size: > = 200 (ref: < 100)

0.306* (0.12)

−0.064 (0.09)

−0.018 (0.12)

Midwest (ref: Northeast)

0.064 (0.09)

0.238* (0.09)

0.042 (0.10)

South (ref: Northeast)

0.446* (0.11)

0.527* (0.10)

0.511* (0.12)

West (ref: Northeast)

0.062 (0.10)

0.560* (0.10)

0.310* (0.12)

DSH %

0.862* (0.23)

−0.583* (0.17)

−0.201 (0.20)

Average daily census

−0.002* (0.0002)

−0.002* (0.0003)

− 0.002* (0.0003)

Poverty rate

0.011 (0.018)

0.006 (0.02)

−0.002 (0.02)

Unemployment rate

0.007 (0.023)

−0.036 (0.02)

−0.009 (0.02)

N

11,600

14,960

15,048

  1. Sources: Authors’ analysis of Hospital Compare (2009–2016), American Hospital Association Annual Survey (2009), and Final Impact Rules (2009–2016) data
  2. High Medicare share hospitals: Hospitals with Medicare share inpatient days > = 55%; Low Medicare share hospitals: Hospitals with Medicare share inpatient days < 55%
  3. Post-HVBP refers to the period 2011–2016
  4. Estimates from random effects model reported; heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors clustered at the hospital level; model includes year dummies
  5. *p < 0.05
  6. aStandard errors in parenthesis