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Table 2 Characteristics of study participants at baseline (complete data set)

From: Feasibility and long-term efficacy of a proactive health program in the treatment of chronic back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Characteristics

Total (N = 444)

IG (N = 189)

CG (N = 255)

N (%)/ M (SD)

N (%)/ M (SD)

N (%)/ M (SD)

Gender

female

163 (36.7%)

60 (31.7%)

103 (40.4%)

Age

years

53.5 (8.5)

53.4 (8.1)

53.6 (8.7)

Schooling

maximum 9 years

52 (12.0%)

23 (12.5%)

29 (11.6%)

10/11 years

183 (42.1%)

79 (42.9%)

104 (41.4%)

12/13 years

200 (46.0%)

82 (44.6%)

118 (47.0%)

Region

urban areas

342 (77.0%)

155 (82.0%)

187 (73.3%)

rural areas

102 (23.0%)

34 (18.0%)

68 (26.6%)

Back pain severity (CPGQ)

grade I

180 (40.6%)

64 (33.9%)

116(45.5%)

grade II

62 (14.0%)

26 (13.8%)

36 (14.1%)

grade III

101 (22.7%)

52 (27.5%)

49 (19.2%)

grade IV

101 (22.7%)

47 (24.9%)

54 (21.2%)

General health (SF-12, single item)

fair/poor

180 (40.5%)

83 (43.9%)

97 (38.0%)

Psychological distress (PHQ-4)

no distress (< 3)

194 (43.7%)

79 (41.8%)

115 (45.1%)

Risk of back pain chronification (STarT-G)

low (0–3)

262 (59.0%)

100 (52.9%)

162 (63.5%)

medium (4–7)

135 (30.4%)

64 (33.9%)

71 (27.8%)

high (8–9)

47 (10.6%)

25 (13.2%)

22 (8.6%)

Body mass index

kg/m2

27.4 (4.8)

27.6 (4.8)

27.2 (4.9)

Sedentary timea

75% or more

212 (47.7%)

99 (52.4%)

113 (44.3%)

Sports activity (last 3 months)

no sports (yes)

96 (21.6%)

42 (22.2%)

54 (21.2%)

Satisfied with medical care of back pain (NRS)

0 = not at all content;10 = very content

6.2 (2.7)

5.7 (3.0)

6.5 (2.5)

  1. N number valid cases, M mean, SD Standard deviation, NRS Numeric rating scale, IG Intervention group, CG Control group, CPGQ Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire according to v. Korff; STarT: Screening Instrument STarT Back Tool; SF 12: 12 Items Short Form questionnaire, PHQ-4 Patient Health Questionnaire-4; atime spent sitting on a typical day