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Table 5 Explaining dosage delivered of advise (all or the majority of smokers): Logistic regression analyses, N = 868

From: Facilitating smoking cessation in patients who smoke: a large-scale cross-sectional comparison of fourteen groups of healthcare providers

Predictor variables

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

Univariate

Multivariate

Participant characteristics

 Age

1.01 (1.00;1.02)

 

 Gender (male)

1.00 (0.76;1.31)

 

 Profession

  GP (ref.)

1

1

  Addiction specialist

1.18 (0.61;2.32)

0.71 (0.27;1.82)

  Anaesthesiologist

0.20 (0.10;0.42)***

0.93 (0.36;2.41)

  Cardiologist

1.52 (0.80;2.89)

4.26 (1.82;9.97)**

  Internist

0.81 (0.45;1.46)

2.30 (1.01;5.24)*

  Neurologist

0.35 (0.18;0.67)**

1.19 (0.49;2.91)

  Paediatrician

0.36 (0.16;0.81)*

0.82 (0.30;2.22)

  Pulmonologist

1.20 (0.72;1.99)

1.58 (0.83;3.02)

  Other

0.40 (0.20;0.81)*

1.07 (0.44;2.63)

  Surgeon

0.59 (0.33;1.05)

2.00 (0.87;4.61)

  Youth specialist

0.22 (0.10;0.48)***

0.63 (0.24;1.67)

  Dental hygienist

0.67 (0.36;1.24)

1.83 (0.78;4.28)

  Dentist

0.12 (0.04;0.43)**

0.36 (0.09;1.46)

  Midwife

1.73 (0.95;3.16)

3.19 (1.32;7.68)*

 Years worked

1.01 (1.00;1.03)

 

 SCC training

2.58 (1.91;3.50)***

1.35 (0.87;2.09)

 Smoking status

  Never (ref.)

1

 

  Ex-smoker

1.24 (0.92;1.68)

 

  Current

0.94 (0.50;1.76)

 

Psychosocial factors

 Attitude

1.13 (1.05;1.44)*

0.85 (0.66;1.09)

 Intention

1.62 (1.37;1.92)***

1.27 (0.98;1.65)

 Knowledge

1.56 (1.37;1.77)***

1.01 (0.83;1.21)

 Skills

1.98 (1.68;2.33)***

1.39 (1.12;1.72)**

 Social support

1.45 (1.24;1.69)***

1.08 (0.89;1.31)

 Role identity

1.74 (1.50;2.01)***

1.43 (1.16;1.77)**

 Outcome expectations

1.24 (1.04;1.47)*

0.87 (0.68;1.11)

 Lack of traininga

0.67 (0.59;0.76)***

0.92 (0.77;1.10)

Guideline factors

 Agreement content

1.71 (1.37;2.14)***

1.06 (0.76;1.49)

 Guideline presence

1.99 (1.48;2.66)***

1.11 (0.67;1.83)

 Guideline familiarity

  Unfamiliar (ref.)

1

1

  Heard of

1.44 (1.03;2.00)*

0.98 (0.65;1.47)

  Read

3.38 (2.41;4.74)***

1.47 (0.83;2.61)

 Lack of guideline adaptabilitya

0.85 (0.73;0.99)*

0.96 (0.78;1.18)

 Guideline complexitya

0.85 (0.71;1.00)

 

Environmental factors

 Collaboration primary care

2.39 (1.76;3.26)***

1.50 (1.03;2.19)*

 Collaboration secondary care

2.73 (1.86;4.01)***

1.53 (0.97;2.21)

 Financial budget

1.29 (0.95;1.76)

 

 Lack of patient reimbursementa

1.31 (1.15;1.48)***

 

 Lack of professional rewardsa

1.08 (0.96;1.21)

 

 Lack of timea

0.82 (0.72;0.93)**

0.99 (0.81;1.21)

 Task interferencea

0.76 (0.67;0.86)***

0.93 (0.75;1.15)

 Lack of materialsa

0.96 (0.84;1.10)

 

 Lack of referral possibilitiesa

0.99 (0.87;1.14)

 

Patient barriers

 Smoking sensitive subjecta

0.88 (0.79;1.00)*

1.04 (0.87;1.24)

 Negative towards smoking cessation carea

0.84 (0.73;0.96)*

1.15 (0.92;1.45)

 Unmotivated to quita

0.70 (0.60;0.81)***

0.81 (0.65;1.00)

 Dishonest about smokinga

0.77 (0.67;0.90)**

0.96 (077.;1.18)

 Impact patient-provider relationshipa

0.63 (0.53;0.75)***

0.69 (0.55;0.88)**

  1. GP general practitioner; ‘Other’ profession includes ophthalmologists, SCC smoking cessation care; abarriers to guideline implementation and provision of smoking cessation care
  2. Multivariate model Cox & Snell R2 = 0.22, Nagelkerke R2 = 0.30, Model χ2(36) = 215.87, p < .001
  3. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001