Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study sample, by outpatient visit and year, n (%)
Variables | 2005 Outpatient using | 2009 Outpatient using | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | yes | no | yes | no |
Outpatient visita | 1300 (53.8) | 1115 (46.2) | 1187 (46.5) | 1367 (53.5) |
Independent variable | ||||
Gender | X2 = 0.4222 | p = 0.516 | X2 = 1.8042 | p = 0.179 |
Female | 648 (54.5) | 541 (45.5) | 652 (45.3) | 787 (54.7) |
Male | 652 (53.2) | 574 (46.8) | 535 (48.0) | 580 (52.0) |
Marital status | X2 = 3.0119 | p = 0.083 | X2 = 0.0402 | p = 0.841 |
Married | 875 (55.1) | 713 (44.9) | 764 (46.6) | 874 (53.4) |
Unmarried | 425 (51.4) | 402 (48.6) | 423 (46.2) | 492 (53.8) |
Missing number | 1 | |||
Age group | X2 = 4.6048 | p = 0.032 | X2 = 5.2597 | p = 0.022 |
65–74 | 795 (52.2) | 729 (47.8) | 679 (44.6) | 843 (55.4) |
75+ | 505 (56.7) | 386 (43.3) | 508 (49.2) | 524 (50.8) |
Education Level | X2 = 3.5482 | p = 0.170 | X2 = 1.7067 | p = 0.426 |
Informal education or illiterate | 477 (48.5) | 449 (48.5) | 362 (47.9) | 394 (52.1) |
Elementary education | 535 (54.8) | 442 (45.2) | 536 (45.2) | 650 (54.8) |
Junior high school or above | 288 (56.2) | 224 (43.8) | 284 (47.6) | 312 (52.4) |
Missing number | 5 | 11 | ||
Self-reposted health | X2 = 60.2724 | p = 0.000 | X2 = 60.1552 | p = 0.000 |
Poor | 918 (59.4) | 628 (40.6) | 853 (52.0) | 788 (48.0) |
Fair | 249 (47.6) | 274 (52.4) | 238 (39.9) | 358 (60.1) |
Good | 133 (38.4) | 213 (61.6) | 96 (30.6) | 218 (69.4) |
Chronic disease | X2 = 82.5895 | p = 0.000 | X2 = 70.7057 | p = 0.000 |
With chronic disease | 740 (63.4) | 428 (36.6) | 773 (53.8) | 664 (46.2) |
Without chronic disease | 560 (44.9) | 687 (55.1) | 414 (37.1) | 703 (62.9) |
Mobility | X2 = 50.1088 | p = 0.000 | X2 = 44.0703 | p = 0.000 |
Without mobile difficulty | 541 (46.4) | 625 (53.6) | 528 (40.1) | 788 (59.9) |
With any mobile difficulty | 759 (60.8) | 490 (39.2) | 659 (53.2) | 579 (46.8) |
Depress | X2 = 15.4001 | p = 0.000 | X2 = 16.4124 | p = 0.000 |
CES-D scoring under 10 (without) | 997 (51.8) | 927 (48.2) | 967 (44.8) | 1193 (55.2) |
CES-D scoring 10 and more (with) | 303 (61.7) | 188 (38.3) | 220 (55.8) | 174 (44.2) |
Whether or not do exercise in past two weeks | X2 = 3.1783 | p = 0.075 | X2 = 1.1819 | p = 0.277 |
Not doing any exercise in past two weeks | 520 (51.7) | 486 (48.3) | 551 (45.4) | 664 (54.6) |
Doing any exercise in past two weeks | 780 (55.4) | 629 (44.6) | 636 (47.5) | 703 (52.5) |
Location in Taiwan | X2 = 3.2859 | p = 0.350 | X2 = 3.3526 | p = 0.340 |
Eastern and offshore Islands area | 85 (49.1) | 88 (50.9) | 117 (52.0) | 108 (48.0) |
Central region | 348 (56.2) | 271 (43.8) | 338 (46.6) | 387 (53.4) |
Northern | 420 (52.8) | 375 (47.2) | 299 (45.1) | 364 (54.9) |
Southern | 447 (54.0) | 381 (46.0) | 433 (46.0) | 508 (54.0) |
Physician no. per 10,000 populations in areab | X2 = 1.8863 | p = 0.389 | X2 = 2.1937 | p = 0.334 |
1 | 517 (54.4) | 434 (45.6) | 119 (42.4) | 162 (57.6) |
2 | 452 (55.0) | 370 (45.0) | 581 (46.8) | 660 (53.2) |
3 | 331 (51.6) | 311 (46.2) | 487 (47.2) | 545 (52.8) |
Lpincoc | Mean (s.e) | Mean (s.e) | ||
8.94 (0.96) | 8.91 (0.99) | 9.01 (1.35) | 8.99 (1.39) | |