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Table 1 Parameters used in the model

From: Economic evaluation of sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Indonesia

Parameters

Distribution

Mean

SE

References

Probability of switching FC in a patient receiving standard treatment (per 3 months)

 FC I to FC II

Beta

0.127

0.044

[11]

 FC II to FC I

Beta

0.125

0.033

 FC II to FC III

Beta

0.127

0.044

 FC III to FC II

Beta

0.125

0.033

 FC III to FC IV

Beta

0.094

0.029

 FC IV to FC III

Beta

0.025

0.023

Probability of death of PAH patient (standard treatment or pulmonary selective drug)

 Probability of death in FC I

Beta

0.002

0.009

[16]

 Probability of death in FC II

Beta

0.013

0.009

 Probability of death in FC III

Beta

0.016

0.011

 Probability of death in FC IV

Beta

0.240

0.065

Relative risk (RR) of switching FC (compared with standard treatment)

 Sildenafil (FC worsening)a

Beta

0.43

0.380

[13]

 Sildenafil (FC improvement)b

Beta

4.23

2.043

[13, 14]

 Beraprost (FC worsening)a

Beta

0.10

0.199

[15]

 Beraprost (FC improvement)b

Beta

0.93

0.612

Direct medical cost (excluding pulmonary selective drug cost)

 Number of hospital admissions in FC I (per 3 months)

Gamma

0.24

0.03

Patient interviews using questionnaire

 Number of hospital admissions in FC II (per 3 months)

Gamma

0.33

0.13

 Number of hospital admissions in FC III (per 3 months)

Gamma

0.20

0.07

 Number of hospital admissions in FC IV (per 3 months)

Gamma

0.50

0.50

 Number of outpatient visits in FC I (per 3 months)

Gamma

5.89

0.48

 Number of outpatient visits in FC II (per 3 months)

Gamma

4.89

0.47

 Number of outpatient visits in FC III (per 3 months)

Gamma

3.00

0.47

 Cost of hospital admission (per admission)

Gamma

808

143

Hospital billing

 Cost of outpatient visit (per visit)

Gamma

21

2

 Total direct medical cost of patient in FC I (USD per 3 months)

–

317

–

Patient interviews and hospital billing

 Total direct medical cost of patient in FC II (USD per 3 months)

–

368

–

 Total direct medical cost of patient in FC III (USD per 3 months)

–

224

–

 Total direct medical cost of patient in FC IV (USD per 3 months)

–

404

–

Cost of pulmonary selective drug (USD per 3 months)

 Cost of beraprost (originator price)

–

88

–

Hospital billing

 Cost of sildenafil (generic price)

–

92

–

Direct nonmedical cost (USD per 3 months)

 Direct nonmedical cost in FC I

Gamma

136

27

Patient interviews using questionnaire

 Direct nonmedical cost in FC II

Gamma

110

24

 Direct nonmedical cost in FC III

Gamma

158

64

 Direct nonmedical cost in FC IV

Gamma

364

364

Utility

 Utility of FC I

Beta

0.74

0.04

Patient interviews using questionnaire

 Utility of FC II

Beta

0.71

0.04

 Utility of FC III

Beta

0.56

0.03

 Utility of FC IV

Beta

0.51

0.04

  1. aFC worsening means transitions from one FC to higher FC e.g. from FC II to FC III
  2. bFC improvement means transitions from one FC to lower FC e.g. from FC III to FC II
  3. USD 1 = IDR 13,830