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Table 2 Adjusted Odds Ratios for Tobacco usea diagnoses in 2001 and 2014 in each patient characteristics’ category

From: Trends in tobacco use and tobacco cessation counselling codes among Medicare beneficiaries, 2001–2014

 

2001

2014

ORs

2014 vs. 2001

N (%) or Mean (Std)

% with tobacco diagnoses

N (%) or Mean (Std)

% with tobacco diagnoses

All

1,190,827

3.61%

1,362,211

12.97%

 

Age

 66–69

243,110 (20.42%)

4.62%

326,808 (23.99)

13.01%

4.13 (3.96–4.31)

 70–74

312,072 (26.21%)

4.39%

328,549 (24.12%)

14.22%

4.55 (4.37–4.74)

 75–79

276,067 (23.18%)

3.68%

259,600 (19.06%)

13.93%

5.11 (4.90–5.33)

 80–84

190,697 (16.01%)

2.78%

205,506 (15.09%)

13.15%

6.22 (5.93–6.52)

 85+

168,881 (14.18%)

1.52%

241,748 (17.75%)

10.01%

8.08 (7.65–8.53)

Gender

 Female

715,118 (60.05%)

2.87%

815,915 (59.90%)

10.70%

5.24 (5.04–5.44)

 Male

475,709 (39.95%)

4.71%

546,296 (40.10%)

16.35%

5.68 (5.46–5.91)

Race/Ethnicity

 White

1,054,364 (88.54%)

3.71%

1,136,026 (83.40%)

13.42%

4.77 (4.68–4.85)

 Black

88,485 (7.43%)

3.30%

101,084 (7.42%)

13.86%

5.47 (5.25–5.71)

 Hispanic

21,744 (1.83%)

1.89%

69,191 (5.08%)

8.46%

6.24 (5.63–6.91)

 Others

26,234 (2.20%)

1.93%

55,910 (4.10%)

7.64%

5.43 (4.94–5.97)

Medicaid eligibleb

 Yes

151,482 (12.72%)

4.40%

174,648 (12.82%)

16.00%

5.20 (4.99–5.42)

 No

1,039,345 (87.28%)

3.49%

1,187,563 (87.18%)

12.52%

5.72 (5.49–5.95)

Elixhauser Comorbidityc

 0–1

770,969 (64.74%)

3.36%

691,542 (50.76%)

9.60%

4.07 (3.92–4.24)

 2–3

296,602 (24.91%)

3.82%

412,131 (30.25%)

13.97%

5.51 (5.29–5.74)

 4+

123,256 (10.35%)

4.63%

258,556 (18.98%)

20.37%

7.22 (6.90–7.56)

COPD or Emphysemad

 Yes

190,128 (15.97%)

8.85%

216,620 (15.90%)

30.11%

5.38 (5.18–5.60)

 No

1,000,699 (84.03%)

2.61%

1,145,591 (84.10%)

9.73%

5.52 (5.31–5.74)

  1. aTobacco use: identified using ICD-9 codes 305.1, 989.84, and V15.82
  2. bMedicaid eligibility status: based on whether the patient was eligible for state buy-in coverage provided by the Medicaid program for at least 1 month or in low-income subsidy part D program during the study year
  3. cElixhauser Comorbidity components: congestive heart failure, valvular disease, pulmonary circulation disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, hypertension, paralysis, other neurological disorders, diabetes-uncomplicated, diabetes-complicated, hypothyroidism, renal failure, liver disease, peptic ulcer disease excluding bleeding, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), lymphoma, metastatic cancer, solid tumor without metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases, coagulopathy, obesity, weight loss, fluid and electrolyte disorders, blood loss anemia, deficiency anemia, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, psychoses, and depression;
  4. dCOPD/Emphysema: identified using ICD-9 codes 490, 491, 492, 496
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