Table 4 Means, standard deviations of items and domains
From: Validation of the nurse leadership and organizational culture (N-LOC) questionnaire
| H1 | H2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Leadership Style a | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) |
| Lasseiz Faire Passive (LFP) | 1.96 (0.83) | 1.96 (0.99) |
| Reacts when problems arise | 1.96 (1.13) | 1.91 (1.21) |
| Reacts only to persistent problems | 2.28 (0.99) | 2.24 (1.11) |
| Stay away from issues | 2.02 (0.96) | 1.93 (1.09) |
| Unavailable when needed | 1.99 (1.14) | 2.01 (1.13) |
| Avoids deciding | 1.76 (1.10) | 1.89 (1.14) |
| Delays responding | 1.76 (1.08) | 1.81 (1.16) |
| Confucius transformational (CT) | 2.12 (0.73) | 1.87 (0.80) |
| Behaviour earns our respect | 2.09 (0.99) | 1.85 (0.99) |
| Considers morality of decisions | 2.22 (0.89) | 2.04 (0.90) |
| Encourages different problem approaches | 2.14 (0.90) | 2.00 (0.93) |
| Brings up new ways to finish tasks | 2.02 (0.89) | 1.93 (0.93) |
| Considers individual differences | 2.06 (0.96) | 1.88 (0.97) |
| Promotes development | 2.01 (0.96) | 1.81 (0.99) |
| Articulate vision | 2.07 (0.85) | 1.62 (0.99) |
| Confident in reaching goals | 2.40 (0.80) | 1.85 (0.97) |
| Organizational Culture | ||
| Group (GRP) | 3.09 (0.64) | 2.84 (0.69) |
| Our hospital deals with the changes on the work-related procedure and process flexibly | 3.12 (0.81) | 2.60 (0.92) |
| The relationship among all staffs is built on the basis of strong mutual confidence and cooperation | 2.95 (0.90) | 2.89 (0.91) |
| When performing a task, departments in the hospital cooperate with one another well | 3.04 (0.81) | 2.79 (0.87) |
| Our nurses has confidence in other nurses’ job ability | 3.23 (0.86) | 3.06 (0.81) |
| Rational (RAT) | 3.21 (0.69) | 2.90 (0.73) |
| Our hospital is well organized to facilitate functions of each specialty | 3.03 (0.77) | 2.81 (0.84) |
| Our hospital continuously pursues new methods in order to perform works effectively | 3.09 (0.83) | 2.70 (0.89) |
| Our hospital has the detailed manual of the work | 3.50 (0.81) | 3.20 (0.84) |
| Developmental (DEV) | 2.79 (0.70) | 2.67 (0.77) |
| On behalf of the development of the hospital, our staff is willing to give up their own interest | 2.62 (0.94) | 2.54 (0.90) |
| Our staff shares the goal of the hospital and struggles to accomplish it | 2.90 (0.77) | 2.71 (0.85) |
| Our staff has strong self-confidence on the hospital image | 2.84 (0.79) | 2.75 (0.89) |
| Hierarchical (HIE) | 3.62 (0.73) | 3.60 (0.77) |
| A bureaucratic mood still exists in our hospital | 3.68 (0.88) | 3.70 (0.97) |
| It takes a relatively long time for the experienced staff from outside to adjust to the culture of our hospital | 3.60 (0.84) | 3.43 (0.88) |
| It often takes long time for top-level managers to reflect lower level staff’s opinions in decision making | 3.59 (0.94) | 3.65 (0.98) |