Cost effectiveness of school-located influenza vaccination programs for elementary and secondary school children

Table 2 Parameters for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Decision Model

Parameter (Name in Decision Trees in Figs. 1 and 2)	All Schools^d	Elementary Schools^e	Secondary Schools^f
Effectiveness Parameters
Vaccination Rate at SLIV clinics only among Children in SLIV Schools (P_SLIV)	4.4% (2.5%, 5.2%)	5.2% (3.2%, 8.1%)	2.5% (2.0%, 2.6%)
Incremental Vaccination Rate in “Practices^{” a} among Children in SLIV Schools, compared to Vaccination Rate among Children in Control Schools (P_Spillover)	1.9% (0.5%, 3.0%)	0.5% (−1.4%^g, 1.4%)	3.0% (2.9%, 5.0%)
Vaccinated at Practices among Children in Control Schools (P_Ctrl)	45.1%	47.1%	42.7%
Cost Parameters for All Children in SLIV [$ per eligible child] (Cost_AB = A + B defined below)
(A) School cost [$ per eligible child]	$1.00 ($0.59, $1.17)	$1.17 ($1.12, $1.26)	$0.59 ($0.58, $0.63)
(B) Project cost [$ per eligible child]	$1.70 ($0.98, $2.02)	$2.02 ($1.82, $2.22)	$0.98 ($0.88, $1.08)
Cost Parameters for Children Vaccinated at SLIV [$ per vaccinated child] (Cost_C = C for “Subtotal Costs”; and Cost_C = C - D for “Total Costs” defined below)
(C) Vaccine administration	$24.30 ($21.87, $26.73)
(D) Averted parents’ costs (i.e., to visit primary care practices for a child’s influenza vaccination)^b	$36.81 ($33.13, $40.49)
Cost Parameters of Primary Care Practice [$ per vaccinated child] (Cost_Practice) ^c	$25.50 ($15.68, $45.48)

All parameters were derived from our original study unless otherwise defined below
SLIV: School-located influenza vaccination
^a “Practice” indicates the vaccinations’ administration setting other than SLIV clinics, almost always (> 95%) primary care practices [16]
^b This cost component (D) included the cost of parents’ time [30,31,32] and transportation [33], which does not comprise any medical expenditure, either paid by parents or incurred at primary care practices
^c A range of values was derived from our previously published practice-based vaccination cost (25 percentile = $15.68, median = $25.50, and mean = $45.48 [per-vaccinated-child]; Of note, mean (=$45.48) was comparable to 75 percentile (=$45.38)) [17, 19]
^d A range of values was derived from the variation between elementary schools and secondary schools
^e A range of values was derived from the variation between urban and rural schools within elementary schools
^f A range of values was derived from the variation between urban and rural schools within secondary schools
^d,e,f A range of values were used as minimum and maximum values to define a triangular distribution (where a mode value is a point estimate) for a parameter distribution used in a probabilistic analysis with Monte Carlo simulations
^g A negative value (− 1.40%) presents negative spillover observed among urban elementary schools

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