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Table 3 Difference in difference analysis for ever use, current contraceptive use by type and method

From: Are family planning vouchers effective in increasing use, improving equity and reaching the underserved? An evaluation of a voucher program in Pakistan

 

Control

Intervention

Absolute difference (% change)+

Net effect (% change)^

Baseline (%)

Endline (%)

Baseline (%)

Endline (%)

Control

Intervention

 

Ever user

25

58

35

79

33

44

11***

Current user 1

18

32

21

51

14

30

16***

Modern Method 2

16

22

19

50

6

32

26***

Pill

2

1

2

3

-1

1

2

IUD a

2

4

2

20

2

18

16***

Injections

2

2

3

4

0

1

1

Implants

 

0

 

2

0

2

2

Condom

7

9

7

13

2

6

4*

Female sterilization

3

6

5

8

3

3

0

Traditional Method 3

2

10

1

1

8

0

−8****

Periodic Abstinence

2

1

0

0

−1

0

1

Withdrawal

0

3

1

0

3

−1

−4***

LAM b

0

6

0

1

6

1

−5***

  1. P-value: ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1
  2. +Absolute difference is the percentage change from baseline to endline
  3. ^Net effect is the percentage change in intervention group subtracting the percentage change in control group
  4. aIntra uterine device bLactational amenorrhea method
  5. 1 Percentage totals % for 2 + 3