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Table 4 Multi-level negative binomial regression models showing the comparison of health professional visits between stroke and non-stroke groups

From: Healthcare utilization after stroke in Canada- a population based study

Variable

Crude Model

IRR (95%CI)

Model 1

IRR (95%CI)

Model 1a

IRR (95%CI)

Model 1b

IRR (95%CI)

Model 1c

IRR (95%CI)

Family Doctor

1.6 (1.4–1.9)a

1.6 (1.4–1.8)a

1.3 (1.1–1.5)a

1.5 (1.3–1.7)a

1.4 (1.2–1.7)a

Eye Specialist

1.2 (0.9–1.7)

1.1 (0.8–1.6)

1.0 (0.8–1.4)

1.1 (0.8–1.5)

1.1 (0.8–1.4)

Other Medical Specialists

2.0 (1.4–2.9)a

2.0 (1.4–2.8)a

1.7 (1.2–2.4)a

1.9 (1.3–2.6)a

1.9 (1.3–2.6)a

Nurse

3.7 (2.3–6.1)a

3.0 (1.8–4.8)a

2.7 (1.4–5.2)a

2.6 (1.6–4.2)a

2.6 (1.6–4.1)a

Dental Practitioner

0.7 (0.6–0.9)b

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

0.9 (0.8–1.2)

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

Chiropractor

1.0 (0.4–2.5)

1.3 (0.5–2.5)

1.2 (0.5–2.6)

1.2 (0.5–2.9)

1.2 (0.5–2.9)

Physiotherapist

1.5 (0.9–2.5)

1.8 (1.1–1.9)a

1.8 (1.1–2.9)a

1.8 (1.2–2.9)a

1.9 (1.1–3.1)a

Psychologist

2.9 (0.3–29.8)

4.0 (1.1–5.7)a

4.5 (0.7–30.1)a

6.2 (0.4–90.1)a

4.1 (0.7–22.5)

Social Worker/ Counsellor

3.1 (1.7–5.6)a

3.2 (2.2–4.8)a

3.0 (1.5–5.8)a

3.3 (1.6–6.9)a

5.1 (1.9–13.1)a

Audiologist/ Speech or Occupational Therapist

3.2 (1.9–5.4)a

2.9 (1.2–2.1)a

2.5 (1.3–5.1)a

2.9 (1.6–5.3)a

2.9 (1.7–5.1)a

  1. Crude Model - Unadjusted incidence rate ratios
  2. Model 1 - Incidence rate ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education and income
  3. Model 1a - Incidence rate ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education, income and mobility
  4. Model 1b - Incidence rate ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education, income and mood/anxiety disorder
  5. Model 1c - Incidence rate ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education, income and presence of cardiometabolic comorbid condition
  6. IRR (95% CI) Incidence rate ratio (95% confidence interval)
  7. aStroke survivors significantly associated with higher healthcare service visits than those without stroke
  8. bStroke survivors significantly associated with lower healthcare service visits than those without stroke