Factor number (number of items, maximum score) | Englisha (n = 23) | Chineseb (n = 40) | Arabicc (n = 73) | Russiand (n = 60) | Mongoliane (n = 60) | Total (n = 256) | F (p) | Duncan’s test |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | |||
1 (n = 13, 52) | 17.48 ± 12.03 | 21.35 ± 9.65 | 14.81 ± 13.08 | 32.87 ± 13.53 | 23.18 ± 12.91 | 22.27 ± 14.17 | 18.00 (<.001) | c, a < a, b < b, e < d |
2 (n = 7, 28) | 12.30 ± 9.10 | 11.84 ± 4.96 | 7.35 ± 6.49 | 15.25 ± 8.25 | 10.47 ± 6.16 | 11.04 ± 7.39 | 10.08 (<.001) | c, e < e, b, a < b, a, d |
3 (n = 6, 24) | 7.27 ± 5.58 | 9.90 ± 4.27 | 5.59 ± 6.30 | 13.47 ± 7.44 | 8.31 ± 6.32 | 8.91 ± 6.90 | 13.74 (<.001) | c, a, e < a, e, b < d |
4 (n = 5, 20) | 6.17 ± 4.04 | 8.17 ± 3.89 | 6.89 ± 5.14 | 10.60 ± 5.54 | 7.36 ± 4.86 | 8.01 ± 5.11 | 6.20 (<.001) | a, b, c, e < d |
5 (n = 4, 16) | 5.23 ± 4.04 | 5.77 ± 3.01 | 3.40 ± 4.05 | 8.61 ± 5.11 | 5.25 ± 4.17 | 5.59 ± 4.58 | 11.64 (<.001) | c, a, e < a, e, b < d |
6 (n = 3, 12) | 2.20 ± 2.49 | 5.06 ± 2.55 | 3.23 ± 3.29 | 5.79 ± 3.72 | 3.45 ± 3.35 | 4.15 ± 3.44 | 6.28 (<.001) | a, c, e < c, e, b < b, d |
7 (n = 3, 12) | 2.33 ± 1.91 | 4.87 ± 2.21 | 3.22 ± 3.11 | 5.07 ± 3.72 | 2.89 ± 2.57 | 3.77 ± 3.09 | 7.23 (<.001) | a, e, c < b, d |
Total (n = 41, 164) | 52.91 ± 27.67 | 64.80 ± 25.00 | 43.23 ± 33.03 | 87.50 ± 40.72 | 55.12 ± 31.78 | 59.73 ± 37.17 | 16.96 (<.001) | a, c, e < e, b < d |