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Table 1 Summary of the studies that have addressed the impact of different pharmaceutical marketing strategies in developing middle-eastern countries

From: Pharmaceutical marketing strategies’ influence on physicians' prescribing pattern in Lebanon: ethics, gifts, and samples

Authors

Site

Pharmaceutical marketing tool

Findings

Year

[7]

Yemen

Medical representatives

The majority of the physicians had positive interactions with medical representatives

2013

[51]

Tripoli, Benghazi and Sebha, Libya

Medical representatives

Cultivate subconscious commercial or conflict of interest relationships with prescribers

2013

[52]

Jordan

Gifts

There is a statistically significant effect of pharmaceutical companies’gifts on the doctors’prescribing behavior

2013

[53]

Baghdad, Iraq

Medical representatives, gifts, medical conferences and meetings

Acceptance of various types of gifts and it influences physician prescribing pattern and results in early adoption to prescribe newly medications

2014

[10]

Lebanon

Not defined

9% unnecessary medication prescription

2015

[41]

Lebanon

Pharmaceutical company representatives

Negatively impacting drug prescription and dispensing practices

2017

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable yet

Not applicable yet

2017–2018

  1. Source: Author’s elaboration based on data published in the literature review exploring the research objectives