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Table 2 Development in the relative index of inequality (RII) and the slope index of inequality (SII) a for mammogram and Pap smear use in women 50–69 and 25–64 years old, respectively, in Flanders and Wallonia, across the five waves of the BHIS (1997–2013)

From: The impact of regional screening policies on the diffusion of cancer screening participation in Belgium: time trends in educational inequalities in Flanders and Wallonia

 

RII

(95% CI)

 

SII

(95% CI)

 

RII

(95% CI)

 

SII

(95% CI)

 
 

Mammogram use in Flanders (N = 2075)

Mammogram use in Wallonia (N = 2119)

1997

2.09

(1.32–3.31)

**

28.90

(10.94–48.65)

**

1.21

(0.84–1.75)

 

15.02

(−6.67–36.71)

 

2001

1.15

(0.84–1.37)

 

10.19

(−10.06–30.44)

 

1.76

(1.33–2.34)

***

38.82

(20.69–56.95)

***

2004

1.37

(1.07–1.75)

*

23.84

(6.48–41.19)

**

1.35

(1.11–1.66)

**

23.65

(8.33–38.98)

**

2008

1.15

(0.92–1.43)

 

10.39

(−6.51–27.3)

 

1.2

(0.96–1.5)

 

14.55

(−2.26–31.37)

 

2013

1.27

(1.03–1.56)

*

18.86

(1.98–35.74)

*

1.17

(0.89–1.55)

 

11.03

(−11.83–32.24)

 

Successive changes

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

2001 vs. 1997

−45.0%

0.04

*

− 64.7%

0.18

 

45.5%

0.1

 

158.5%

0.1

 

2004 vs. 2001

19.1%

0.42

 

133.9%

0.32

 

−23.3%

0.11

 

−39.1%

0.21

 

2008 vs. 2004

−16.1%

0.28

 

−56.4%

0.28

 

−11.1%

0.44

 

−38.5%

0.44

 

2013 vs. 2008

10.4%

0.51

 

81.5%

0.49

 

−2.5%

0.89

 

−24.2%

0.8

 

Overall change

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value a

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

2013 vs. 1997

−39.2%

0.05

*

−34.7%

0.44

 

−3.3%

0.88

 

−26.6%

0.8

 
 

Pap smear use in Flanders (N = 4405)

Pap smear use in Wallonia (N = 4583)

1997

1.19

(1–1.41

*

12.42

(−0.36–25.2)

 

1.46

(1.19–1.8)

***

23.95

(10.26–37.65)

***

2001

1.25

(1.06–1.48)

**

15.28

(2.57–28)

*

1.64

(1.37–1.98)

***

33.62

(21.14–46.1)

***

2004

1.39

(1.16–1.66)

***

25.03

(11.74–38.32)

***

1.38

(1.19–1.6)

***

23.71

(12.55–34.87)

***

2008

1.25

(1.03–1.53)

*

18.22

(3.55–32.88)

*

1.18

(1.01–1.39)

*

12.77

(0.39–25.16)

*

2013

1.58

(1.3–1.92)

***

32.28

(19.78–44.7)

***

1.2

(1.01–1.42)

*

13.34

(0.01–26.67)

*

Successive changes

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

2001 vs. 1997

5.0%

0.68

 

23.0%

0.76

 

12.3%

0.41

 

40.4%

0.31

 

2004 vs. 2001

11.2%

0.4

 

63.7%

0.3

 

−15.9%

0.15

 

−29.5%

0.25

 

2008 vs. 2004

−10.1%

0.45

 

−27.2%

0.5

 

−14.5%

0.17

 

−46.1%

0.2

 

2013 vs. 2008

26.4%

0.05

*

77.2%

0.15

 

1.7%

0.92

 

4.4%

0.95

 

Overall change

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

Change

p-value b

 

2013 vs. 1997

32.8%

0.03

**

159.9%

0.03

*

−17.8%

0.14

 

−44.3%

0.28

 
  1. aRII and SII values are adjusted for age, country of birth, urbanisation, employment status, necessity of postponing medical consumption and difficulty contributing to healthcare
  2. bp-value of the t-test of Altman and Bland on a difference between measures of two different survey years
  3. * p < .050; ** p < .010; *** p < .001