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Table 8 Multilevel logistic regression of active COPD

From: Practical utility of general practice data capture and spatial analysis for understanding COPD and asthma

 

Model 1

Model 2

Covariates

Est.

SE

p

[95%

CI]

Est.

SE

p

[95%

CI]

Within-cluster

 Age

2.348

0.239

< 0.0001

[1.880

2.816]

 Age2

− 0.697

1.121

< 0.0001

[− 0.933

− 0.461]

 Male

0.522

0.077

< 0.0001

[0.372

0.672]

 Female

0.0

 Smoker

2.477

0.116

< 0.0001

[2.251

2.704]

 Ex-smoker

1.522

0.093

< 0.0001

[1.340

1.704]

 Never smoked

0.0

 Indigenous Australian

0.871

0.341

0.011

[0.203

1.540]

 Non-Indigenous Australian

0.0

 Unmarried

0.365

0.126

0.004

[0.118

0.613]

 Married

0.0

 N-Comorbidities

1.060

0.029

< 0.0001

[1.004

1.117]

Between-cluster

   

     

 IRSD (Q4)

−1.280

0.171

< 0.0001

[−1.614

−0.945]

− 0.513

0.182

0.005

[−0.870

− 0.155]

 IRSD (Q3)

−0.712

0.114

< 0.0001

[−0.936

− 0.489]

− 0.299

0.117

0.010

[− 0.528

− 0.071]

 IRSD (Q2)

− 0.358

0.083

< 0.0001

[− 0.520

− 0.196]

− 0.156

0.091

0.088

[− 0.335

0.023]

 IRSD (Q1)

0.0

0.0

  1. Notes – Age: age in years, standardised; Age2: Age*Age. Smoker: daily, weekly or irregular smoker; Ex-smoker: does not smoke now, but has smoked ≥ 100 cigarettes (or equivalent) in life time; Never smoked: does not smoke now, and has smoked < 100 cigarettes (or equivalent) in life time; Unmarried: never married, divorced, separated or widowed; Married: registered or de facto; N-Comorbidities: Number of comorbid conditions; IRSD: Index of Relative Social Disadvantage (ABS 2011); Q1-Q4: National quartile of IRSD (determined using cut-points for quartiles within the Australia-wide distribution of scores at SA1 level) where Q1: most disadvantaged, Q4: least disadvantaged