Table 3 Trend estimates for post-stroke healthcare service utilization and costs by sub-groups
From: Healthcare utilization and cost trajectories post-stroke: role of caregiver and stroke factors
| Â | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outpatient (SOC) Servicea | IRR | IRR (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | Â |
 Disability (mRS) | |||||
  No or slight disability (0–2) | Ref | 0.87 (0.68, 1.10) | 0.58 (0.50, 0.67) | 0.54 (0.46, 0.63) | < 0.001 |
  Moderate or severe disability (3–5) | Ref | 1.09 (0.96, 1.23) | 0.86 (0.74, 1.00) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.05) | 0.035 |
Outpatient (PC) Costsa | Exp(β) | Exp(β) (95% CI) | Exp(β) (95% CI) | Exp(β) (95% CI) |  |
 Ischemic stroke | |||||
  Mild (0–4) | Ref | 1.15 (0.97, 1.35) | 1.02 (0.85, 1.21) | 1.10 (0.91, 1.33) | 0.577 |
  Moderately severe (5–14) | Ref | 1.67 (1.22, 2.30) | 1.74 (1.30, 2.33) | 1.64 (1.18, 2.29) | 0.003 |
  Severe (15–24) | Ref | 2.27 (0.56, 9.15) | 2.72 (0.69, 10.74) | 3.20 (0.73, 13.97) | 0.102 |
 Non-Ischemic stroke | |||||
  Mild (0–4) | Ref | 1.10 (0.64, 1.91) | 1.84 (1.01, 3.35) | 1.64 (0.85, 3.15) | 0.067 |
  Moderately severe (5–14) | Ref | 1.61 (0.97, 2.67) | 3.15 (1.76, 5.65) | 2.44 (1.33, 4.48) | 0.001 |
  Severe (15–24) | Ref | 2.18 (0.47, 10.14) | 4.92 (0.86, 28.18) | 4.77 (0.97, 23.41) | 0.032 |