From: Important factors for effective patient safety governance auditing: a questionnaire survey
Factor | Board of directors (n = 22) | Chief of medical staff (n = 35) | Nursing officer (n = 40) | Medical department head (n = 55) | Director of quality and patient safety (n = 59) | Overall (n = 211) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Category: board positioning of audits | ||||||
 Audit as an improvement tool as well as a control tool | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
 Spreading the purpose and value of audit by board of directors | 94 | 91 | 95 | 87 | 94 | 93 |
 Departments receive support during improvement actions after audit | 67*R | 91* | 92* | 100 | 78 | 88 |
 Audit results are embedded in the planning and control cycle of the hospital | 94 | 100 | 97 | 98 | 97 | 98 |
 Board of directors addresses departments when follow-up on auditing results is not going according to plan | 94 | 87 | 97 | 87 | 90 | 91 |
 Dissemination of audit results to all personnel | 94 | 100 | 97 | 98 | 95 | 97 |
 Follow-up on auditing results by head of department | 100 | 100 | 97 | 100 | 98 | 99 |
Category: organisation and content of audits | ||||||
 Department is aware of audit purpose | 100 | 100 | 97 | 98 | 100 | 99 |
 Audit is adjusted fit to individual departments | 78*R | 97 | 92 | 100 | 97* | 95 |
 Department knows that the audit team is coming | 67 | 77 | 59*R | 81* | 80* | 75 |
 Extensive and detailed audit report | 44 | 53 | 72 | 57 | NA | 59 |
 Audit also focuses on health care pathways | 100 | 97 | 97 | 94 | 100 | 98 |
 There is room soft signals, not only facts, in the audit report | 83 | 97* | 90 | 89 | 75*R | 86 |
 Audit also focuses on care provided by healthcare professionals and adverse events | 78 | 82 | 83 | 97 | NA | 81 |
 Patients as an information source during audits | 94 | 89 | 95* | 72R | 86 | 85 |
 Auditors get a tunnel vision on department because of selective information during preparations | 69*R | 94* | 92* | 84 | 88 | 87 |
Category: competences and composition of audit team | ||||||
 Patients as auditors | 67 | 74 | 78* | 57 | 55*R | 64 |
 Patients are not suited to be an auditor because they are not objective | 22*R | 29 | 33 | 50* | 45 | 39 |
 Patients are not suited to be an auditor because they do not have sufficient knowledge regarding healthcare guidelines | 17*R | 41 | 41 | 47* | 43 | 41 |
 Patients are not suited to be an auditor because confidentiality cannot be secured. | 17*R | 41 | 33 | 44 | 51* | 41 |
 Quality of the auditors | 94 | 100 | 97 | 94 | 100 | 98 |
 Evaluation of individual auditors | 83*R | 94 | 90 | 98 | 98* | 95 |
 Multidisciplinary audit team | 94 | 94 | 100 | 94 | 86 | 93 |
 Medical specialist on the audit team | 78 | 88* | 79 | 92* | 61*R | 79 |
 Chairman of the audit team is a high-profile employee | 50 | 68 | 53 | 59 | 51 | 56 |
 The department to be audited influences the composition of the audit team | 17* | 29 | 13* | 48*R | 15* | 26 |
 Auditors coming from other hospitals taking part in the audit team | 94 | 97 | 95 | 90 | 91 | 93 |
 Only employees with a (para)medical education should be auditors | 39 | 30* | 46 | 56* R | 19* | 37 |
Category: cultural factors and attitudes towards auditing | ||||||
 Staff sees added value of audit | 89 | 91*R | 69* | 82 | 67* | 78 |
 Presence of head of department on audit day | 94 | 94 | 80* | 96*R | 93 | 92 |
 Time investment | 72 | 83 | 72* | 90*R | 83 | 82 |
 Staff feel that audit contributes to patient safety | 94 | 97 | 90 | 96 | 97 | 95 |
 Quality is ‘part of the job’ | 67* | 74 | 71* | 90*R | 66* | 75 |
 Importance of audit outcomes | 78 | 62 | 70 | 56 | 69 | 66 |
 Learning culture at department | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |