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Table 1 OLS and Neural Network time trend forecast analysis (2011–2014) of mortality rate (MR) and health spending items (DPS, TAUS, FHE). MR is in deaths/10.000. DPS, TAUS and FHE are in € per capita

From: Real and predicted mortality under health spending constraints in Italy: a time trend analysis through artificial neural networks

Year

Real

OLS

Neural Network

Prediction

95% interval

Prediction

95% interval

MR

 2011

83.74

82.07

(80.15, 83.99)

84.25

(81.90, 86.60)

 2012

84.78

80.06

(77.96, 82.15)

83.34

(80.92, 85.76)

 2013

80.59

78.04

(75.77, 80.32)

82.79

(80.42, 85.17)

 2014

78.29

76.03

(73.57, 78.49)

82.32

(79.93, 84.70)

DPS

 2011

1137.21

1216.77

(1190.78, 1242.75)

1153.13

(1124.99, 1181.27)

 2012

1095.43

1249.18

(1220.81, 1277.56)

1170.69

(1138.38, 1203.01)

 2013

1054.15

1281.60

(1250.78, 1312.41)

1171.92

(1138.19, 1205.65)

 2014

1052.00

1314.01

(1280.72, 1347.31)

1180.51

(1147.86, 1213.16)

TAUS

 2011

703.79

834.01

(780.44, 887.57)

741.37

(720.93, 761.81)

 2012

671.52

856.38

(797.89, 914.88)

742.48

(720.91, 764.05)

 2013

654.96

878.76

(815.23, 942.29)

742.54

(721.67, 763.41)

 2014

658.00

901.14

(832.49, 969.77)

742.39

(721.39, 763.39)

FHE

 2011

582.81

545.55

(508.79, 582.31)

502.61

(479.75, 525.47)

 2012

560.45

548.48

(508.34, 588.62)

520.69

(487.36, 554.03)

 2013

544.63

551.40

(507.81, 594.99)

512.96

(480.39, 545.52)

 2014

553.00

554.33

(507.23, 601.43)

525.05

(488.70, 561.41)