Table 1 The main theme, categories, and subcategories
From: The long way ahead to achieve an effective patient safety culture: challenges perceived by nurses
Main Theme | Categories | Subcategories |
|---|---|---|
The long way ahead of safety culture | 1. Incompetent organizational infrastructure | - Shortage of resources - Weakness of the staff’s professional competence and empowerment - Unfavourable work condition and unsafe environment |
2. Insufficient leadership effectiveness | - Lack of commitment - Non-supportive management - Non-participatory decision-making - Low efficiency of safety management rounds and clinical audit | |
3. Inadequate efforts to keep pace with national and international standards | - Failure to establish quality improvement and clinical risk management systems - Culture of resistance to change towards the system approach - Culture of blame and punishment - Weakness in feedback to reporting errors - Weakness in the culture of organizational education and learning -Weakness in preventive (protective) culture | |
4. Overshadowed values of team participation | - Failure to redefine and clarify roles - Gap in team coordination - Difficult dynamics of team interactions |