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Table 3 Predicting use of outpatient services among NHPIs living in the US: Odds-Ratio and Confidence Interval (95% CI)a

From: Frequency and predictors of health services use by Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders: evidence from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey

 

Model 3: Predisposing, Enabling, and Evaluated Needs

 

Model 4: Predisposing, Enabling, and Perceived Needs

Occasional

vs. Non-Users

Moderate

vs. Non-Users

Frequent

vs. Non-Users

 

Occasional

vs. Non-Users

Moderate

vs. Non-Users

Frequent

vs. Non-Users

Predisposing factors

   

 Age

1.009*

(1.001-1.016)

1.019*

(1.003-1.035)

1.022*

(1.005-1.038)

 

1.011*

(1.002-1.020)

1.023*

(1.005-1.041)

1.028**

(1.008-1.049)

 Females

1.321*

(1.001-1.786)

1.852*

(1.061-3.233)

2.023*

(1.124-3.640)

 

1.303*

(1.000-1.713)

1.760*

(1.067-2.902)

2.001*

(1.094-3.659)

 High-school or less

1.045

(0.778-1.402)

1.101

(0.563-2.156)

1.117

(0.516-2.417)

 

1.092

(0.827-1.442)

1.206

(0.645-2.255)

1.259

(0.583-2.718)

 High-school/GED

1.015

(0.851-1.211)

1.034

(0.699-1.530)

1.039

(0.664-1.626)

 

0.989

(0.822-1.189)

0.976

(0.658-1.448)

0.971

(0.598-1.576)

 Married/living with partner (yes)

1.171

(0.876-1.564)

1.417

(0.777-2.583)

1.490

(0.744-2.983)

 

1.127

(0.843-1.506)

1.290

(0.696-2.390)

1.366

(0.646-2.892)

 Unemployed

1.421*

(1.045-1.933)

2.177**

(1.250-3.791)

2.433**

(1.303-4.542)

 

1.393*

(1.022-1.899)

2.028*

(1.183-3.477)

2.381*

(1.218-4.653)

 Born in the US (yes)

1.347**

(1.089-1.667)

1.935**

(1.192-3.140)

2.127*

(1.179-3.836)

 

1.317*

(1.062-1.632)

1.798*

(1.078-2.999)

2.054*

(1.084-3.895)

Enabling factors

   

  < 100% FPL

0.684

(0.404-1.159)

0.431

(0.160-1.164)

0.382

(0.133-1.101)

 

0.582

(0.325-1.044)

0.315*

(0.122-0.814)

0.242*

(0.079-0.741)

 100-199% FPL

0.830

(0.609-1.133)

0.663

(0.346-1.270)

0.625

(0.293-1.333)

 

0.736

(0.537-1.007)

0.519*

(0.281-0.958)

0.448*

(0.209-0.956)

 200-399% FPL

0.766

(0.571-1.028)

0.555*

(0.331-0.929)

0.510*

(0.286-0.909)

 

0.719*

(0.532-0.971)

0.494**

(0.303-0.807)

0.421**

(0.234-0.759)

 Uninsured

0.694

(0.343-1.404)

0.446

(0.108-1.842)

0.397

(0.076-2.064)

 

0.734

(0.385-1.399)

0.516

(0.133-2.001)

0.444

(0.085-2.328)

 Usual source of care

2.335***

(1.662-3.281)

6.540***

(3.050-14.027)

8.555***

(3.461-21.151)

 

2.361***

(1.603-3.479)

6.255***

(3.111-12.578)

9.485***

(3.950-22.775)

 Use eHealth information

1.517**

(1.187-1.938)

2.515***

(1.509-4.192)

2.869**

(1.580-5.212)

 

1.589**

(1.213-2.081)

2.686***

(1.624-4.442)

3.361***

(1.887-5.987)

 Ability to afford health care

1.214*

(1.022-1.442)

1.536**

(1.128-2.091)

1.633*

(1.126-2.370)

 

1.185*

(1.026-1.369)

1.436*

(1.097-1.880)

1.559**

(1.135-2.140)

 Neighborhood social support

0.980

(0.950-1.012)

0.957

(0.889-1.030)

0.951

(0.873-1.036)

 

0.984

(0.952-1.017)

0.966

(0.897-1.041)

0.959

(0.875-1.051)

 Barriers to health care access

1.043

(0.810-1.342)

1.097

(0.636-1.892)

1.112

(0.599-2.062)

 

1.087

(0.857-1.379)

1.195

(0.743-1.923)

1.245

(0.699-2.217)

Evaluated needs (CDs)

   

Perceived needs (health status)

   

 1

1.253

(0.955-1.643)

1.647

(0.873-3.109)

1.769

(0.872-3.589)

 Good

0.533**

(0.357-0.796)

0.261***

(0.132-0.515)

0.192***

(0.078-0.478)

  ≥ 2

1.716**

(1.223-2.407)

3.306***

(1.792-6.099)

3.922***

(1.979-7.775)

 Very good

0.459**

(0.281-0.749)

0.190***

(0.100-0.361)

0.130***

(0.056-0.303)

    

 Excellent

0.404**

(0.235-0.694)

0.145***

(0.064-0.329)

0.093***

(0.030-0.288)

  1. Source: NHPI-NHIS 2014
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
  3. aReferent: More than high-school; other marital status (widowed, divorced or separated, never married); ≥400% FPL; insured; no usual source of care; did not use eHealth; No CD; poor-fair health)
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BMC Health Services Research

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