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Table 1 The i-PARIHS framework [13]

From: Facilitating the implementation of clinical technology in healthcare: what role does a national agency play?

Successful Implementation = Facilitation (Innovation, Recipients, Context)

Construct

Key elements

Innovation

Underlying knowledge sources (including research evidence, clinical and patient experience)

Clarity

Degree of fit with existing practice (compatibility vs contestability)

Degree of novelty

Relative advantage

Trialability

Recipients

Motivation and readiness to change

Values and beliefs

Clinical consensus

Local opinion leaders

Skills and knowledge

Time and resources

Collaboration and team work

Power and authority

Context

Leadership support

Culture

Past experience of innovation and change

Structure, systems and processes

Organisational priorities

Policy drivers

Incentives and mandates

Inter-organisational networks and relationships

Facilitation

Network of facilitator roles (expert, experienced and novice)

Facilitation processes to enable implementation:

- Project management

- Quality improvement

- Team building and group process skills

- Influencing and negotiating

- Embedding and sustaining change