Table 5 Linear Mixed Model Regression
From: Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait
Frequency of Events Reported | Perception of Patient Safety | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Beta (Standard Error) | P-value | Beta (Standard Error) | P-value | |
Patient Safety Culture Composites | ||||
Supervisor/ Manager Expectations & Actions Promoting Patient Safety | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.112 | 0.12 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Organizational learning and Continuous Improvement | 0.09 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.13 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Teamwork within units | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.796 | 0.10 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Communication Openness | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.249 | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.002 |
Feedback and Communications About Error | 0.32 (0.02) | < 0.001 | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.322 |
Non-punitive Response to Error | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.150 | 0.03 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Staffing | −0.01 (0.02) | 0.457 | 0.11 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Hospital Management Support for Patient Safety | 0.07 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.12 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Hospital Handoffs & Transitions | 0.07 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.09 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Teamwork Across Hospital Units | −0.02 (0.02) | 0.200 | −0.04 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Gender | ||||
Male | −0.08 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.05 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
Female | 0 | 0 | ||
Highest Degree | ||||
High School or below | 0.05 (0.10) | 0.598 | 0.16 (0.05) | 0.001 |
University or Higher Degree | −0.17 (0.09) | 0.046 | 0.16 (0.04) | < 0.001 |
Technical Degree | −0.10 (0.09) | 0.283 | 0.18 (0.04) | < 0.001 |
Other | 0 | 0 | ||
Experience at the hospital | ||||
< 5 years | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.112 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.680 |
5 to 20 years | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.825 | −0.01 (0.02) | 0.422 |
More or equal to 21 years | 0 | 0 | ||
Profession | ||||
Physician | −0.26 (0.14) | 0.064 | −0.11 (0.07) | 0.116 |
Pharmacist | −0.25 (0.15) | 0.097 | 0.00 (0.08) | 0.996 |
Nurse | −0.44 (0.14) | 0.002 | 0.13 (0.07) | 0.059 |
Physiotherapist | −0.18 (0.15) | 0.220 | −0.08 (0.07) | 0.292 |
Technician | −0.22 (0.14) | 0.125 | −0.05 (0.07) | 0.484 |
Nutritionist | −0.18 (0.18) | 0.305 | 0.09 (0.09) | 0.314 |
Administrative | −0.30 (0.17) | 0.073 | 0.09 (0.08) | 0.255 |
Medical Records | −0.48 (0.16) | 0.002 | 0.03 (0.08) | 0.679 |
Other | 0 | 0 | ||
Nationality | ||||
Kuwaiti | −0.09 (0.03) | 0.005 | 0.08 (0.02) | < 0.001 |
Non-Kuwaiti | 0 | 0 | ||
Interaction with patients | ||||
Yes | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.052 | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.386 |
No | 0 | 0 | ||
Hospital Size | ||||
Small | 0.14 (0.08) | 0.127 | 0.05 (20.73) | 0.664 |
Medium | 0.05 (0.09) | 0.593 | 0.05 (24.09) | 0.182 |
Large | 0 | 0 | ||