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Table 3 Univariate analysis of physicians’ knowledge of multidrug resistant bacteria of public health importance across senior and junior physicians

From: Physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions concerning antibiotic resistance: a survey in a Ghanaian tertiary care hospital

Physicians characteristics

Numbers

Level of training

Unadjusted odds ratio

P-value

  

Senior physicians (n = 43)

Junior physicians (n = 116)

  

Gender (n = 156)

 

42

114

  
 

Male (n = 93)

27

66

1.31 (0.6–2.7)

0.471

Female (n = 63)

15

48

  

Age of respondents (n = 159)

 

39.4 ± 6.5

29.3 ± 4.0

2.71 (1.04–5.02)

0.001

Level of antibiotic resistance in hospital (n = 157)

42

115

  
 

Very important (n = 14)

4

10

1.11 (0.33–3.73)

1

Important (n = 81)

26

55

1.77 (0.86–3.65)

0.118

Not Important (n = 16)

3

13

0.60 (0.16–2.23)

0.561

Don’t know(n = 46)

9

37

0.57 (0.25–1.32)

0.191

Level of antibiotic resistance in unit (n = 154)

74

80

  
 

Very important (n = 9)

6

3

2.26 (0.55–9.41)

0.313

Important (n = 56)

30

26

1.41 (0.73–2.74)

0.300

Not important (n = 42)

15

27

0.50 (0.24–1.04)

0.061

Don’t know(n = 48)

23

24

1.05 (0.53–2.09)

0.887

Level of antibiotic resistance in Ghana (n = 157)

42

115

  
 

Very important (n = 29)

5

24

0.51 (0.18–1.44)

0.200

Important (n = 76)

24

52

1.61 (0.79–3.29)

0.185

Not important (n = 7)

2

3

1.86 (0.30–11.59)

0.610

Don’t know(n = 47)

11

36

0.78 (0.35–1.72)

0.381

Level of antibiotic resistance worldwide (n = 156)

41

115

  
 

Very important(n = 103)

30

73

1.26 (0.59–2.69)

0.543

Important(n = 51)

13

38

0.86 (0.40–1.83)

0.689

Not important (n = 2)

0

2

1

Antibiotics used appropriately in department (n = 152)

40

112

  
 

Yes(n = 110)

29

81

1.01 (0.45–2.26)

1.00

No (n = 42)

11

31

  

Knowledge of VRE (n = 152)

 

113

39

  
 

Yes (n = 74)

48

26

2.71 (1.26–5.81)

0.009

No(n = 78)

65

13

  

Have ever managed VRE (n = 155)

115

40

  
 

Yes(n = 6)

3

3

3.03 (0.59–15.65)

0.339

No(n = 149)

112

37

  

Extent of VRE problem in hospital (n = 143)

115

41

  
 

Very serious(n = 4)

3

1

0.93 (0.09–9.23)

1

Serious(n = 16)

11

5

1.31 (0.43–4.03

0.764

Not serious(n = 136)

101

35

0.81 (0.29–2.27)

0.689

Knowledge of CRE (n = 157)

116

41

  
 

Yes (n = 59)

34

25

3.77 (1.79–7.93)

0.001

No (n = 98)

82

16

  

Have ever managed CRE (n = 158)

116

42

  
 

Yes (n = 7)

5

2

1.11 (0.21–5.95)

1

No (n = 151)

111

40

  

Extent of CRE problem in hospital (n = 18)

9

9

  
 

Very serious (n = 3)

2

1

0.44 (0.03–5.93)

1

Serious (n = 7)

3

4

1.6 (0.24–10.81)

1

Not serious (n = 8)

4

4

1 (0.16–6.42)

1

Knowledge of ESBLs (n = 152)

111

41

  
 

Yes (n = 78)

48

30

3.57 (1.63–7.85)

0.001

No(n = 74)

63

11

  

Have ever managed ESBLs (n = 156)

114

42

  
 

Yes (n = 27)

11

16

5.76 (2.39–13.89)

0.001

No (n = 129)

103

26

  

No(n = 115)

89

26

  

Extent of ESBL problem in hospital (n = 38)

23

15

  
 

Very serious (n = 6)

4

2

0.73 (0.11–4.59)

1

Serious (n = 25)

15

10

1.06 (0.26–4.22)

0.921

Not serious(n = 7)

4

3

1.19 (0.22–6.26)

1

Knowledge of MRSA (n = 152)

112

40

  
 

Yes (150)

110

40

0.36 (0.04–2.67)

0.575

No (n = 4)

2

2

  

Have ever managed MRSA(n = 152)

76

75

  
 

Yes (n = 32)

17

32

2.67 (1.32–5.41)

0.005

No (n = 104)

61

43

  

Extent of MRSA problem in hospital (n = 85)

64

21

  
 

Very serious (n = 25)

20

5

0.68 (0.22–2.13)

0.517

Serious (n = 53)

41

12

0.75 (0.27–2.041)

0.571

Not serious(n = 7)

3

4

4.78 (0.97–23.47)

0.061

Correct order of resistance in hospital (n = 156)

114

42

  
 

EMVC (n = 17)a

8

9

3.61 (1.39–10.11)

0.018

Others (n = 137)

104

33

  
  1. VRE vancomycin resistant enterococci, CRE carbapenem resistant enterococci, ESBL extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, MRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, KBTH Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital
  2. aEMCV, ESBL-producers>MRSA>CRE > VRE