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Table 4 Association of Indiana’s opioid prescription emergency rules to daily Morphine Equivalent Dose (MED) per patient of opioids dispensed, controlling for aggregate socioeconomic characteristics of patients and providers by zip code (n = 1404 days)

From: The effects of state rules on opioid prescribing in Indiana

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

Impact of policy

−57.2**

7.15

−27.2

Agg. Recipient ann. Per cap. Income

−18.5***

 

−21.2***

Agg. Recipient ann. Per cap. Income *policy

6.86**

 

6.72**

Agg. provider ann. Per cap. Income

 

9.34***

12.8***

Agg. provider ann. Per cap. Income *policy

 

−1.00

−2.82

  1. (1)*p ≤ 0.10, **p ≤ 0.05, ***p ≤ 0.01
  2. (2) Includes controls for pre- and post-intervention time trends. (1), (2), (3), refer to the three regression models used in the analysis