The low indexes of metabolism intervention trial (LIMIT): design and baseline data of a randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate how alerting primary care teams to low metabolic values, could affect the health of patients aged 75 or older

Tsabar, Nir; Press, Yan; Rotman, Johanna; Klein, Bracha; Grossman, Yonatan; Vainshtein-Tal, Maya; Eilat-Tsanani, Sophia

doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2812-0

Table 5 Baseline characteristics of the population and of LIMIT participants

From: The low indexes of metabolism intervention trial (LIMIT): design and baseline data of a randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate how alerting primary care teams to low metabolic values, could affect the health of patients aged 75 or older

Characteristic	All members at age 75+			All LIMIT groups			Group A (BMI criterion a)
Trial Arm				Total	Email	No Email	Total	Email	No Email
N	48,623			8584	4310	4274	732	370	362
North District	22,132			3490	1774	1716	341	161	180
North District	(45.5%)			(40.7%)	(41.2%)	(40.1%)	(46.6%)	(43.5%)	(49.7%)
N Gender - Female	28,685			4977	2504	2473	417	210	207
N Gender - Female	(59%)			(58%)	(58%)	(58%)	(57%)	(57%)	(57%)
Age [years]	81.6			80.7	80.6	80.8	83.4	82.9	83.8
Age [years]	(±5.4)			(±4.8)	(±4.7)	(±4.9)	(±5.9)	(±5.7)	(±6.2)
N Age ≥ 90 years	4722			488	232	256	125	54	71
N Age ≥ 90 years	(9.7%)			(5.7%)	(5.4%)	(6%)	(17.1%)	(14.6%)	(19.6%)
Last BMI [kg/m²]	28.5			28.8	28.7	28.8	20.6	20.5	20.6
Last BMI [kg/m²]	(±5.2)			(±5.9)	(±5.9)	(±5.9)	(±2.0)	(±2.0)	(±2.0)
N Last BMI < 20 kg/m²	1248			323	149	174	228	122	106
N Last BMI < 20 kg/m²	(2.6%)			(3.8%)	(3.5%)	(4.1%)	(31.1%)	(33%)	(29.3%)
N with Dietitian counseling	1159			240	113	127	0	0	0
N with Dietitian counseling	(2.4%)			(2.8%)	(2.6%)	(3%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)
HbA1c%	6.3			6.3	6.3	6.3	6.1	6.2	6
HbA1c%	(±1.1)			(±0.9)	(±0.9)	(±0.9)	(±1.1)	(±1.2)	(±0.9)
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	12,741			1787	899	888	264	128	136
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	(26.2%)			(20.8%)	(20.9%)	(20.8%)	(36.1%)	(34.6%)	(37.6%)
N With DM Medicines	12,131			5566	2771	2795	89	50	39
N With DM Medicines	(24.9%)			(64.8%)	(64.3%)	(65.4%)	(12.2%)	(13.5%)	(10.8%)
Cholesterol [mg/dL]	177.2			154.3	154.6	154.1	176.2	176.2	176.2
Cholesterol [mg/dL]	(±41.9)			(±33.8)	(±33.8)	(±33.8)	(±43.3)	(±43.0)	(±43.6)
N Chol. < 160 mg/dL	17,574			6062	3037	3025	262	125	137
N Chol. < 160 mg/dL	(36.1%)			(70.6%)	(70.5%)	(70.8%)	(35.8%)	(33.8%)	(37.8%)
N With Cholesterol-lowering Medicines	24,025			6802	3402	3400	228	124	104
N With Cholesterol-lowering Medicines	(49.4%)			(79.2%)	(78.9%)	(79.6%)	(31.1%)	(33.5%)	(28.7%)
N s/p MI	8928			1027	489	538	176	99	77
N s/p MI	(18.4%)			(12%)	(11.3%)	(12.6%)	(24%)	(26.8%)	(21.3%)
N s/p CVA/TIA /IHD	22,139			2489	1221	1268	389	210	179
N s/p CVA/TIA /IHD	(45.5%)			(29%)	(28.3%)	(29.7%)	(53.1%)	(56.8%)	(49.4%)
Characteristic	Group B			Group C			Group D
Characteristic	(HbA1c criterion b)			(cholesterol criterion c)			(criteria a + b)
Trial Arm	Total	Email	No Email	Total	Email	No Email	Total	Email	No Email
N	3365	1705	1660	3625	1801	1824	64	33	31
North District	1412	713	699	1417	684	733	32	18	14
North District	(42%)	(41.8%)	(42.1%)	(39.1%)	(38%)	(40.2%)	(50%)	(54.5%)	(45.2%)
N Gender - Female	1989	999	990	2038	1027	1011	39	19	20
N Gender - Female	(59%)	(59%)	(60%)	(56%)	(57%)	(55%)	(61%)	(58%)	(65%)
Age [years]	81	80.9	81.1	80	80	80	80.6	79.9	81.4
Age [years]	(±4.8)	(±4.6)	(±4.9)	(±4.4)	(±4.4)	(±4.3)	(±5.0)	(±4.3)	(±5.6)
N Age ≥ 90 years	211	103	108	129	66	63	3	1	2
N Age ≥ 90 years	(6.3%)	(6%)	(6.5%)	(3.6%)	(3.7%)	(3.5%)	(4.7%)	(3%)	(6.5%)
Last BMI [Kg/m²]	29.8	29.8	29.7	29.7	29.7	29.7	21	20.9	21.2
Last BMI [Kg/m²]	(±5.4)	(±5.4)	(±5.4)	(±5.5)	(±5.4)	(±5.6)	(±1.4)	(±1.5)	(±1.3)
N Last BMI < 20	38	20	18	27	15	12	14	9	5
N Last BMI < 20	(1.1%)	(1.2%)	(1.1%)	(0.7%)	(0.8%)	(0.7%)	(21.9%)	(27.3%)	(16.1%)
N with Dietitian counseling	92	52	40	117	57	60	0	0	0
N with Dietitian counseling	(2.7%)	(3%)	(2.4%)	(3.2%)	(3.2%)	(3.3%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)
HbA1c%	6.1	6.1	6.1	6.6	6.6	6.6	5.9	6	5.9
HbA1c%	(±0.4)	(±0.4)	(±0.4)	(±1.2)	(±1.2)	(±1.2)	(±0.4)	(±0.4)	(±0.5)
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	582	285	297	809	411	398	20	8	12
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	(17.3%)	(16.7%)	(17.9%)	(22.3%)	(22.8%)	(21.8%)	(31.3%)	(24.2%)	(38.7%)
N With DM Medicines	3365	1705	1660	1281	621	660	64	33	31
N With DM Medicines	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(35.3%)	(34.5%)	(36.2%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)
Chol.[mg/dL]	169.3	169.3	169.3	139.5	139.7	139.3	167.4	168.2	166.5
Chol.[mg/dL]	(±39.0)	(±39.2)	(±38.8)	(±15.3)	(±14.9)	(±15.7)	(±39.9)	(±41.5)	(±38.1)
N Chol < 160	1365	690	675	3625	1801	1824	24	13	11
N Chol < 160	(40.6%)	(40.5%)	(40.7%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(37.5%)	(39.4%)	(35.5%)
N With Chol.-low Medicines	2120	1057	1063	3625	1801	1824	31	17	14
N With Chol.-low Medicines	(63%)	(62%)	(64%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(48.4%)	(51.5%)	(45.2%)
N s/p MI	832	430	402	0	0	0	19	9	10
N s/p MI	(24.7%)	(25.2%)	(24.2%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(29.7%)	(27.3%)	(32.3%)
N s/p CVA/ TIA /IHD	2062	1037	1025	0	0	0	38	21	17
N s/p CVA/ TIA /IHD	(61.3%)	(60.8%)	(61.7%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(59.4%)	(63.6%)	(54.8%)
Characteristic	Group E			Group F			Group G
Characteristic	(criteria a + c)			(criteria b + c)			(criteria a + b + c)
Trial Arm	Total	Email	No Email	Total	Email	No Email	Total	Email	No Email
N	41	21	20	749	376	373	8	4	4
North District	13	9	4	271	129	142	4	2	2
North District	(31.7%)	(42.9%)	(20%)	(36.2%)	(34.3%)	(38.1%)	(50%)	(50%)	(50%)
N Gender Female	29	13	16	459	233	226	6	3	3
N Gender Female	(71%)	(62%)	(80%)	(61%)	(62%)	(61%)	(75%)	(75%)	(75%)
Age [years]	82.7	83.4	82	79.5	79.2	79.8	79.4	82.8	76
Age [years]	(±4.5)	(±4.7)	(±4.1)	(±4.1)	(±3.9)	(±4.2)	(±4.5)	(±4.0)	(±1.2)
N Age ≥ 90 years	2	1	1	18	7	11	0	0	0
N Age ≥ 90 years	(4.9%)	(4.8%)	(5%)	(2.4%)	(1.9%)	(2.9%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)
Last BMI [kg/m²]	20.8	21	20.6	30.2	30.2	30.2	21.5	21	21.9
Last BMI [kg/m²]	(±1.7)	(±1.7)	(±1.7)	(±5.4)	(±5.7)	(±5.2)	(±1.3)	(±1.7)	(±0.7)
N Last BMI < 20	11	4	7	4	3	1	1	0	1
N Last BMI < 20	(26.8%)	(19%)	(35%)	(0.5%)	(0.8%)	(0.3%)	(12.5%)	(0%)	(25%)
N with Dietitian counseling	0	0	0	31	18	13	0	0	0
N with Dietitian counseling	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(4.1%)	(4.8%)	(3.5%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)
HbA1c%	6.5	6.4	6.7	6.1	6.1	6.1	5.9	6	5.8
HbA1c%	(±1.8)	(±1.4)	(±2.2)	(±0.3)	(±0.3)	(±0.3)	(±0.3)	(±0.2)	(±0.3)
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	10	6	4	100	49	51	2	1	1
N HbA1c% ≤ 5.7	(24.4%)	(28.6%)	(20%)	(13.4%)	(13%)	(13.7%)	(25%)	(25%)	(25%)
N With DM Medicines	10	6	4	749	376	373	8	4	4
N With DM Medicines	(24.4%)	(28.6%)	(20%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)
Chol.[mg/dL]	138.5	136.1	141.1	137.4	137.5	137.2	125.1	134.8	115.5
Chol.[mg/dL]	(±16.2)	(±15.9)	(±16.2)	(±16.1)	(±16.1)	(±16.1)	(±19.6)	(±14.3)	(±19.6)
N Chol < 160	41	21	20	749	376	373	8	4	4
N Chol < 160	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)
N With Chol.lowering Medicines	41	21	20	749	376	373	8	4	4
N With Chol.lowering Medicines	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)	(100%)
N s/p MI	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
N s/p MI	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)
N s/p CVA/ TIA /IHD	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
N s/p CVA/ TIA /IHD	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)	(0%)

BMI Body mass index, CHS Clalit health services, Chol. Cholesterol, CVA Cerebrovascular accident, DM Diabetes mellitus, IHD Ischemic heart disease, MI Myocardial infarct, N Number, s/p Status post, TIA Transient ischemic attack
CHS North and South district 75+ members and LIMIT participants’ data, presented as N (%) or mean (±SD)

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