Fig. 1

Clinical pathways. Initial presentation in the model starts with a General Practitioner (GP) consultation progressing to successive levels of onward referral, treatment, and ending with successful habituation (health benefit) or discharge to self-manage (no health benefit). ENT = ear nose and throat surgeon. Follow on treatment pathways are given in Fig. 2. Pathways are identified by letter (red text) and correspond to those in Table 1