Table 3 T-test to compare composite scores in 2012 to scores in 2015
From: Improving patient safety culture in Saudi Arabia (2012–2015): trending, improvement and benchmarking
| 2012 | 2015 | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Frequency of Event Reporting | 3.64 | 1.16 | 4.04 | 1.54 | <0.001 |
| Overall Perceptions of Safety | 3.43 | 0.59 | 3.60 | 1.56 | <0.001 |
| Supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting safety | 3.46 | 0.65 | 3.57 | 1.34 | <0.001 |
| Organizational Learning-Continuous Improvement | 3.89 | 0.69 | 4.16 | 1.14 | <0.001 |
| Teamwork Within Hospital Units | 3.85 | 0.75 | 4.04 | 0.71 | <0.001 |
| Communication Openness | 3.25 | 0.85 | 3.45 | 1.08 | <0.001 |
| Feedback and Communication About Errors | 3.73 | 0.95 | 4.11 | 1.10 | <0.001 |
| Non-punitive Response to Error | 2.68 | 0.81 | 2.76 | 1.26 | 0.013 |
| Staffing | 2.84 | 0.62 | 3.02 | 1.19 | <0.001 |
| Hospital Management Support for Patient Safety | 3.69 | 0.76 | 3.85 | 1.05 | <0.001 |
| Hospital Handoffs and Transitions | 3.36 | 0.79 | 3.82 | 2.29 | <0.001 |
| Teamwork Across Hospital Units | 3.52 | 0.71 | 3.76 | 1.36 | <0.001 |