Expanding co-payment for methadone maintenance services in Vietnam: the importance of addressing health and socioeconomic inequalities

Table 3 History of drug use and treatment among respondents across MMT sites

	Nam Dinh			Xuan Truong			Tu Liem			Long Bien			Ha Dong			Total		p-value
	N	%		N	%		N	%		N	%		N	%		N	%
HIV positive	22	8.4		7	5.3		25	13.2		19	11.2		9	4.4		82	8.6		0.01
ART	16	5.9		6	4.0		23	11.4		15	8.2		6	2.9		66	6.5		0.02
Ever inject drug	222	82.2		91	60.3		153	76.1		119	64.7		161	76.7		746	73.4		<0.01
Current drug use	15	5.6		17	11.3		0	0.0		6	3.3		11	5.2		49	4.8		<0.01
Location of previous drug rehabilitation
Home	213	85.9		103	75.7		122	63.5		104	59.8		132	68.8		674	71.6		<0.01
Private voluntary centre	108	43.6		50	36.8		97	50.5		98	56.3		97	50.5		450	47.8		0.01
Compulsory center	74	29.8		13	9.6		68	35.4		69	39.7		32	16.7		256	27.2		<0.01
# drug rehabilitation
None	22	8.2		15	9.9		9	4.5		10	5.4		18	8.6		74	7.3		<0.01
1--5 episodes	155	57.4		110	72.9		138	68.7		121	65.8		151	71.9		675	66.4
6--10	72	26.7		24	15.9		45	22.4		37	20.1		33	15.7		211	20.8
> 10	21	7.8		2	1.3		9	4.5		16	8.7		8	3.8		56	5.5
	Mean	95% CI		Mean	95% CI		Mean	95% CI		Mean	95% CI		Mean	95% CI		Mean	95% CI
Daily cost of drug use (1000 vnd)	405	318	492	251	200	303	444	175	714	299	172	427	356	245	468	336	295	376	0.02
Duration on MMT (month)	11.5	10.6	12.4	9.3	8.4	10.1	27.7	26.0	29.4	18.7	17.2	20.2	15.2	14.1	16.3	16.3	15.6	17.0	0.02

ISSN: 1472-6963